Armenia is a state with an ancient history, located in a very picturesque area. There are many places left here that have retained their unique flavor.
This is the oldest word that best describes Armenia. Indeed, this country was the first to adopt Christianity, because there are many ancient temples here, and the great culture of the state of Urartu still remains a mystery and causes awe of scientists. A thousand-year observatory, mountain villages where houses were built a couple of hundred years ago, the ruins of fortresses - all this can be seen in Armenia.
And very hospitable people live here, tourist tours very cheap, too. We advise travelers during their holidays in Armenia to completely switch to the local cuisine. Believe me, you have never eaten such a delicious barbecue anywhere! And there is also the freshest baked lavash, duduk, famous brandy, churchkhela and wine with you.
Visit Lake Sevan and Tatev Monastery, wander through the mountains, get acquainted with the unimaginably ancient history of Armenia, and in search of modern entertainment go to Yerevan, a city that quite successfully combines innovation with ancient traditions.
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What to see in Armenia?
The most interesting and beautiful places, photos and a short description.
1. Lake Sevan
The pearl of Armenia, located at an altitude of 1916 meters above sea level. With its clear water and green shores surrounded by mountain peaks, Sevan is called one of the most beautiful mountain lakes in the world. The ancient Armenians believed that the Gods drink from Sevan, therefore they treated it with great trepidation. Now over 250 thousand people live on the shores of the lake, excellent conditions have been created for recreation here, and the area is simply created to admire nature.
2. Observatory Karahunj (Zorats-Karer)
At first glance, this is not an observatory at all, but blocks of stones that someone has placed in an incomprehensible to modern people, but well traced order. Scientists have recognized that Zorats-Karer is indeed an observatory. It is located on a mountain plateau near the city of Sisian. The complex includes many standing stones, some with holes. Archaeologists have found burials here, a corral for livestock, as well as a special arrangement of stones, allowing you to observe the Sun and Moon.
3. Mount Ararat
Ararat is the pride of Armenia, its very famous peak which she shares with Turkey. They share Small and Big Ararat, but both peaks are considered sacred. Local residents believed that climbing Mount Ararat, where according to legend, stopped the ark of Noah after the flood, was a godless business. Today, everyone who is confident in their strengths and preparation can climb Mount Ararat, they only need to buy the appropriate voucher and obtain permission from the authorities.
4. Tatev monastery
The most famous and ancient monastery complex in Armenia, located 20 kilometers from the city of Goris. Today it tourist complex which attracts thousands of travelers. Tatev is famous not only for its history (it was built in the 9th century), but also for the “Wings of Tatev” cable car, as well as for the natural Satani Kamurj bridge and the cave of the same name. In Tatev, you can see several ancient temples and many other attractions at once.
5. Sanahin
This is another famous monastery complex built in the 10th century. Included in the UNESCO list. Sanahin is known for its original architecture and rich history. Into a harmoniously formed architectural ensemble Sanahin enter Cathedral with the remains of paintings, several groups of sculptural images, chapels, churches, a tomb, as well as an original arch bridge, decorated with figures of wild cats.
6. Mountains of the Lesser Caucasus
They differ from their “brother” of the Greater Caucasus in the lower height of the peaks, but this does not at all make them less attractive for tourists and climbers. The most high peak Lesser Caucasus - Mount Aragats with a height of 4090 meters - is located in Armenia. The Lesser Caucasus includes seven ridges, between the peaks of which there are cozy green valleys and untouched forests. The nature here is amazingly beautiful, so it would be a big mistake not to visit this place.
7. Church of St. Hripsime
The church in the city of Vagharshapat, built in the 17th century, still attracts tourists with its unusual architecture. The Church of St. Hripsime looks both powerful and graceful, majestic and calm. A legend is connected with the construction of the church about Christian girls who fled from Rome to Armenia, but were killed here by the local king, who then repented, was baptized and erected this unusual church, named after one of the girls.
8. Matenadaran
There is a unique repository of ancient manuscripts in Yerevan - Matenadaran. To see this building and its exhibits, one should climb the mountain along Mashtots Avenue. Near the entrance, you will be greeted by sculptures depicting Mesrop Mashtots, the creator of the Armenian writing and his student. Today Matenadaran is the largest repository of ancient Armenian manuscripts on the planet, although earlier the collection was plundered several times.
9. Etchmiadzin Cathedral
The main temple of the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Etchmiadzin Cathedral is located in the city of Vagharshapat, included in the UNESCO list. This is one of the oldest Christian churches on the planet, built in the 4th century! The cathedral, of course, has undergone many reconstructions over the years, the last one in the 20th century. The temple is distinguished by its magnificent decoration, strict lines and special architecture, complemented by pointed bell towers.
10. Temple of Mihra in Garni
This unusual temple is called the "Armenian Parthenon". The Mihr temple in Garni really looks antique, it seems that it was somehow miraculously transferred to Armenia from Ancient Greece. Slender columns, porticoes, luxurious mosaics - the Armenian kings gladly used the Mihr temple as a summer residence. It was carefully restored after the earthquake and now it regularly hosts historical performances.
11. Erebuni Fortress
If you want to see what the capital of Armenia looked like as far back as 2.7 thousand years ago, be sure to take time to visit the Erebuni fortress, which became the first serious defensive structure in the country. Erebuni still keeps a lot of mysteries, archaeologists continue to find unique artifacts here. And the fortress itself, located in the valley of Ararat, looks very beautiful.
12. Yerevan cascade
The cascade occupies the status of the main attraction of Yerevan, therefore, to visit the capital of Armenia and not see this man-made miracle will be a big omission. The cascade represents artistically designed and ordered sculptures, stairs, fountains and flower beds, picturesquely located on the slopes of the Kanaker Hills. This is really the main decoration of the city, and from the top of the Yerevan Cascade a wonderful view of the whole city and the top of Ararat will open.
13. Khor Virap
Khor Virap is located at the foot of the most famous mountain in Armenia - Ararat, above the underground prison, which was used in the 4th century. The views from the monastery are really amazing, however, its buildings themselves are interesting for their history and interior decoration... We advise you to visit the cells of the underground prison, which have survived to this day, and the Church of Our Lady.
14. Republic Square in Yerevan
The architecture of Republic Square was created until 1958; it is formed by five buildings located here: the Central Post Office building, the National Historical Museum of Armenia, the country's Ministry of Energy, the Government of Armenia and the “Marriott Armenia” hotel. It is noteworthy that all the buildings are made of pouf and represent a single architectural ensemble. We advise you to visit the square in the evening, when the singing fountain turns on here, changing the illumination.
15. Tsitsernakaberd
This memorial Complex, erected on the hill of the same name and dedicated to the Armenian genocide at the beginning of the twentieth century. Tsitsernakaberd includes a 44-meter stele, a cone-shaped pedestal with a burning eternal flame, a wall of mourning and the Armenian Genocide Museum. The stele is split, which symbolizes the separation of the Armenian people, most of which live in the diaspora precisely because of the genocide. The place is beautiful, memorable and a little sad.
16. Geghard Monastery
Geghard is one of the most favorite tourist destinations in Armenia due to its ancient history, unique architecture and proximity to the capital of the country. Geghard is located 40 kilometers from Yerevan, in the picturesque gorge of the mountain river Goght. The monastery is built on rocks, many rooms are simply hollowed out inside the cliffs, and the stone walls are decorated with steles with crosses.
In Armenia, many beautifully preserved ancient temples and monasteries contrast with modern churches. A huge number of museums scattered throughout the territory of Armenia opens up completely new sides for a tourist who is unfamiliar with the history of the country. They will help you to get acquainted with the numerous sights of the country. Not sure what to see in Armenia? Especially for you, we have compiled a list of popular places in this country, which included the most interesting sights of Armenia.
What to see in Armenia first of all
A little advice for those who are interested - do not try to visit several cities and dozens of monasteries, cathedrals or natural parks in one day. It is better to highlight those places that interest you most and pay more attention to them, so that the memories of each of them remain in your memory. Now more details about the sights of the country.
1. Observatory Karahunj (city of Sisian)
Mysterious megalithic complex KarahunjIf you do not want to travel far to see one of the "places of power", go to Armenia. 223 stones, each weighing about 10 tons, arranged vertically - this mysterious monument of antiquity on the territory of Armenia still causes a lot of controversy about its origin. The most popular theory is that this is an ancient observatory. Even more ancient than English Stonehenge. Some historians ascribe to her the age of 5 thousand years, others - 7 thousand. Scientists have come to the conclusion that Karahunj was also used as a temple of the Sun God, which was worshiped by the ancient Armenians, and as a university. Jewelry and swords were found under one of the stones. This led to the idea that Karahunj is a cemetery for warriors.
Zorats Karer, Zorakarer (Mighty Stones), Goshun Dan - as Karahunj is also called - is located two hundred kilometers from the capital of Armenia, near the city of Sisian at an altitude of more than one and a half thousand kilometers. The entire complex covers an area of approximately 14 football fields. Many stones have a through hole in the upper part - through these holes ancient scientists observed heavenly bodies. The stones are arranged in a circle. Remains of ancient dwellings and other historical artifacts are located near the complex.
You can go here not only to quench your thirst for learning new things, but also to feel real peace and tranquility.
2. Cathedral of St. Gregory the Illuminator (Yerevan city)
When traveling in Armenia, be sure to visit the Cathedral of St. Gregory the Illuminator. This is one of the largest cathedrals, which was erected in memory of Gregory the Illuminator. It was he who gave the basis for the spread of Christianity in the country.
Construction began in 1997, in honor of the 1700th anniversary of the introduction of Christianity in Armenia, and completed in 2001. Today it is the most significant building among the city's attractions. The temple contains the relics and relics of the saint, which were returned to their homeland from Italy.
The sights of Armenia are distinguished by their severity. The Cathedral of St. Gregory the Illuminator is no exception. During its construction, they adhered to a strict ascetic style. The building has angular forms, it is decorated with niches and triangular arches. In order to emphasize the contrast, strict colors were chosen. You won't find a single mural on the walls. Inside the temple, on the contrary, everything is very bright and light. This expands the space.
The complex consists of a cathedral and two churches. The buildings are very tall. Due to this, they can be seen from all over the city. The cathedral and churches can accommodate 1,700 people at the same time.
For tourists, the Cathedral of St. Gregory the Illuminator is a unique attraction. For local residents, it is a symbol of the spirituality of the people, the preservation of their faith and unity.
3. Goshavank monastery (Gosh village)
Goshavank monastery - a medieval monastery complex If you are looking for what to see in Armenia, head to Goshavank Monastery. This is one of the most popular attractions. The monastery is located 22 kilometers from the Dilijan bus station. This is a medieval complex surrounded by dense oak forests. No walls were built around the monastery, so it is surrounded by simple rural buildings. The monastery was built in a classical style. Here you will not see fanciful decor elements. But this is what makes him beautiful - his severity and minimalism.
The first church of this attraction in Armenia is the Astvatsatsin Church. It is distinguished by original art decor and rich interior. Nearby there is a book depository building with a bell tower. On the west side of it there is a room that was intended for studies and meals. It was a center that united both faith and knowledge in one place.
The monastery is famous for its khachkars (stone steles), made with special trepidation and skill. They are considered the most beautiful in Armenia. The designs on the stones appear to be embroidered. Amazes unique technique execution.
Today the monastery complex is a nature reserve, the church does not function in it. But this is one of the favorite places to visit for tourists and locals alike.
4. Lake Sevan (Gavar city)
Big and beautiful high-mountainous lake Sevan When traveling in Armenia, do not forget to walk along the shores of Lake Sevan. This reservoir is located 8 kilometers from the city of Gavar, at an altitude of 1900 meters. The name Sevan comes from the Urartian language Sunia and means “lake”.
The rich fauna of the lake feeds the entire population of the country. The constant catch of fishermen is Sevan trout and silver carp. The state park of the same name is located in the Sevan basin. It includes reserves and sanctuaries where Armenian seagulls live. The territory freed up as a result of the decrease in the water level in the lake is planted with trees and shrubs.
The cemetery of khachkars on the coast of Sevan is included in the category “Must-see sights of Armenia”. The burials are located in the village of Noratus. Artifacts over 2000 years old have been found here. Now they are kept in the museum of Yerevan.
Once on the lake, get to know ancient architecture such monasteries as Sevanavank, Ayrivank, Vanevan, Kotavank. Walking around the outskirts of Sevan, you will undoubtedly feel the spirit of the times of different eras and peoples. The calm water surface and the surrounding landscape will forever remain in your pleasant memories.
5. Matenadaran (Yerevan city)
The world's largest repository of ancient manuscripts Matenadaran Historical sights of Armenia have always attracted a large number of tourists. The Museum of Ancient Manuscripts in Yerevan is worthy to top the list of must-see places in this country. This stunning collection of ancient manuscripts will resonate not only with scholars who came here for academic purposes, but also with ordinary visitors. Here you can see the first translations of the Bible into Armenian, works on medicine, geometry, history. The striking beauty of miniatures and titles made by ancient artists, graceful frames made of precious metals will make you forget for a long time about the 21st century rustling outside the window.
In addition to the staggering age of the books, the stories of how they reached our time are also awe-inspiring. The core of the collection is the collection of books from the Echmiadzin Monastery. But many copies have been passed down from generation to generation for centuries as the greatest family value.
There are books written in different languages, written by representatives of different religions. All this treasure has about 17 thousand exhibits.
In that amazing place one can realize oneself as a part of the history of mankind, absorb the powerful energy of wisdom of hundreds of previous generations and become its guide into the future.
Matenadaran is the best answer to the question of what to see in Armenia first.
Be sure to watch this beautiful video about Armenia!
6. Mount Ararat (Armenian Highlands, Turkey)
Monastery on the background of the sacred Mount Ararat Any indigenous resident to the guest's question "What to see in Armenia?" the answer is Mount Ararat. This is the main symbol of Armenia, despite the fact that Ararat is located on the territory of Turkey. According to legend, it was at the foot of this mountain that he found final resting place Noah's Ark. To this day, searches for his remains are continuing on the volcanic massif, but so far they have been unsuccessful. Despite the common name Ararat, the indigenous people used to call Mount Masis. If you want to see the sights of Armenia, you simply cannot do without visiting Mount Ararat.
The height of the peak is 5165 meters, so you need to carefully prepare for the ascent. The first attempt to conquer the summit took place in 1829. However, today the climbing program is available to everyone according to a special tourist program. There is a version that Ararat is a former volcano, which has been considered extinct for the past several millennia. During last eruption accompanied by downpours and mudflows, the settlement of Arguri was destroyed. At the foot of the mountain is located national park, covering an area of about 90 thousand hectares, which includes not only two mountain peaks, but also the area where, according to legend, the biblical ark crashed.
7. Blue Mosque (Yerevan city)
Blue Mosque - a silent witness to history 8. Aram Khachaturian Museum (Yerevan city)
House-Museum of Aram Khachaturian - repository of the glory of the great composer While exploring the streets of Yerevan, be sure to visit the museum of the Armenian musician and author of many musical works Aram Khachaturian. For his services to the fatherland, the heads of Armenia decided to create a museum in honor of the honorary citizen.
The basis for the museum was the house in which Aram lived when he was passing through Yerevan. There were no special changes in the appearance of the mansion, only a two-story extension appeared in the garden. And the facade was transformed by five massive arches, similar to tuning forks.
The composer only managed to approve the plan of the future museum, but did not live to see its opening. The current director of the museum is the outstanding pianist Armine Grigoryan.
Within the walls of this majestic sight of Armenia, musical evenings and festivals are constantly held, meetings with cultural figures are organized, and various exhibitions are held.
Visiting the museum, you will see Personal Area Aram, his bedroom, dining room and, of course, the piano, on which the talented musician composed and played. Also check out many things, from the conductor's baton to personal letters. Every year the museum receives valuable exhibits from all over the world, one way or another connected with Aram Khachaturian.
9. Yerevan Brandy Factory (Yerevan city)
Vault of the Yerevan Brandy Factory The Yerevan Brandy Factory is the leading producer of alcoholic beverages in Armenia. Its history began in 1887 when it was founded by the merchant Nerses Tairov. After 12 years, the plant became owned by Nikolai Shustov. Today the brandy factory is the leader in the export of alcoholic beverages in Armenia. Many of the drinks produced are aged up to 20 years, for example, "Nairi", "Vaspurakan", "Armenia", "25", "Dvin". The YBC arsenal also contains unique brands of cognac, which are produced and bottled according to a special recipe in a limited series. Such drinks cannot be bought on supermarket shelves, including Erebuni, Kilikia, Noah's Ark, etc.
The products of the Yerevan Brandy Factory are supplied to 25 countries of the world and have 47 registered trademarks. According to locals, it is best to start your acquaintance with Armenia with a visit to the factory. To do this, you can visit a fascinating excursion and see the production of alcoholic beverages from the inside. If you decide to see the sights of Armenia, the brandy factory will be an excellent start for traveling around the country and getting to know its culture.
10. Khor Virap Monastery (Mount Ararat)
The ascetic beauty of Khor Virap monastery The ancient monastery of Khor Virap rises near Mount Ararat. The two popular attractions complement each other. According to legend, Noah's ark ran aground on Mount Ararat. Khor Virap is located on the territory of the former capital of Armenia - Artashat.
The foundation of the monastery is an underground prison, where the tsar imprisoned St. Gregory the Illuminator for a period of 15 years. After the adoption of Christianity by Armenia, the monastery became a center of spiritual development. Divine services are held in the church on the territory of the monastery. And today the monastery is considered one of the most frequently visited places for pilgrimage.
Access to the underground prison is open to every visitor, the entrance is through the chapel of St. Gregory. Initially, a chapel was erected around the underground prison, and later the monastery itself.
Don't hesitate to explore these legendary ancient sights of Armenia . Descending the winding staircase into the underground to a depth of 6 meters, any tourist can feel how hard it was for the prisoner here, because the width of the room is only 4.4 meters. After such a trip, there will be enough impressions for a year in advance.
Sights of Armenia: what else to visit while in Armenia
No matter how tempting the opportunity to explore all the interesting places on your own may seem, it is still wiser if you will be accompanied. With them you can discuss the excursion route taking into account the information that you will learn from our descriptions of the country's tourist sites.
11. Tatev Monastery (Goris city)
Medieval Tatev Monastery in Armenia Tatev Monastery is a whole complex of monasteries located 20 kilometers from the village of Goris. For many centuries the complex was the main focus of spirituality in the historical region of Armenia Syunik.
This complex is a real treasure for a tourist. Here is the habitat of the Tatevi Anapat monks, the "Wings of Tatev" hanging rope route (the money received from the visit goes to the revival of the entire complex), a natural bridge, caves. Interesting sights of Armenia are collected in one place. At the end of the 20th century, they even wanted to include the Tatev Monastery on the UNESCO list.
During the prosperity of Syunik, more than ten hundred people lived under the arches of the monastery. The monastery existed by collecting tribute from the surrounding villages. In the Middle Ages, a miniature school was formed on its territory, which served as a noticeable development of the population.
The complex was severely destroyed after the earthquake in 1931. At the moment, the recovery process is still underway, but there is no ban on visits.
While on the grounds of the monastery, undertake a fascinating exploration of the temples and tombs.
12. Selim caravanserai (Yerevan city)
The extant Selim caravanserai in Yerevan The winding serpentine of the Selim Pass is a favorite route for tourists traveling in Armenia. The pass is located at an altitude of 2500 meters. Due to the large amount of rainfall in winter, it is almost impossible to get there, so you should plan your hike in late spring, summer or autumn.
A motor road passes through the pass, along which travelers travel from the city of Yerevan to Lake Sevan and back. On the way you will meet beautiful view to a valley buried in green grass and cut by many streams. It will be possible to capture Mount Ararat. As you progress, you will find yourself at the lower level of a narrow gorge, where the famous Selim caravanserai was built.
In the distant past, the Silk Road passed here, and the Selim caravanserai was an overnight stay for caravans going to Europe. In the 15th century, the caravanserai was destroyed, but in the middle of the 20th century it was restored again. The oldest sights of Armenia are mesmerizing with their views. The Selim caravanserai also belongs to them.
The basalt structure includes a hall, divided into rooms for people and animals. Once here, you can imagine how people were resting after a long journey.
13. Tsitsenrnakaberd, Armenian Genocide Museum (Yerevan city)
Armenian Genocide Museum in Yerevan Going on a trip and making a route for yourself, what to visit in Armenia , do not disregard the Armenian Genocide Museum. It is located in Yerevan. The museum was opened in 1995 to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the terrible tragedy that Armenians still mourn. About 1.5 million Armenians were killed in the period 1915-1917. This museum was founded in memory of the tragedy.
Its building is built on a mountain, on its very slope. It is here that the memorial is located. From the roof of the museum complex opens great view to Mount Ararat. In the very center of the courtyard of the museum, there is a memorial stone stele.
The museum itself is unique. Its building is completely submerged in the ground. As planned, it should represent a tomb, and its internal structure- the circles of hell.
All expositions of the museum were collected with great difficulty. Many archival documents were destroyed or are still classified. The main part of the museum consists of three rooms. The first presents a huge map Armenian highlands that was carved on the wall. Here are marked the settlements where the most people were killed. Presented photo archives of peacetime before the genocide. Books and photographs are displayed in the second room. In the third room there are demographic tables showing the death toll.
The purpose of the museum as sights of Armenia – not only to honor the memory of the victims, but also to demonstrate the enormity of what happened in order to prevent such tragedies.
14. Smbataberd fortress (Artabuynk village)
Ruins of the Smbataberd fortress The fortress is located to the east of the Artabuink village in the Vayots Dzor district. Located on a hill, it is a medieval fortification complex built on the site of an observation post of the 5th century. Most historians believe that the fortress was named in honor of Prince Smbat Orbelian, the ruler of the 13th century. He was a skilled warrior, knew 5 languages, was a diplomat with an innate talent.
The absence of dense plantings of trees in this place was beneficial for the builders of the Smbataberd fortress, because it made it impossible to storm the defensive structure. Thick walls were difficult to break through, and the enemies did not want to fight on empty territory, where there was not a single tree.
When the siege came, the fortress did not surrender. The enemies did not know that a secret water supply was supplied to the fortress, and inside there were many warehouses with supplies of provisions. Thanks to this, they managed to survive the hard times.
They tried to restore the destroyed fortress (in 2006-2007), but a significant part of it was not restored. It is very easy to get to this sight of Armenia. You can reach here on foot, walking 2 km east of Artabuynk village.
15. Sanahin Monastery (Sanahin village, Alaverdi town)
Sanahin Monastery, an outstanding monument of Armenian architecture Sanahin Monastery is one of the most inaccessible beauties of Armenia. After all, to get here, you have to overcome about two kilometers on foot.
The location of the monastery was deliberately chosen. Here monks hid, wishing to avoid the disfavor of the Byzantine ruler Roman Lacapenus. Erected in the X century, the monastery later was not only a place of residence for worshipers, but also a school, an academy. Scientists famous in the Middle Ages taught here.
Many sights of Armenia, including the Sanahin Monastery, are famous for their beauty and excellent preservation. This structure was repeatedly damaged during earthquakes, but each time it was restored by caring people. The place received a complete restoration in 1996, and then it was recognized as a world heritage by UNESCO.
Being here, it is impossible not to look at the building in the center, around which the rest are located. Surb Astvatsatsin is a restored domed church made of basalt blocks. There are restored frescoes inside the small temple. Other churches of the complex are Amenaprkich, Surb Grigor chapel.
16. Yerevan Cascade (Yerevan)
Square on the way to the Cascade on the slopes of the Kanaker Hills in Yerevan Dmitry Karyshev Affectionate sun, magnificent mountain scenery, amazingly tasty national cuisine and radiant Armenia beckons guests with the cordiality of the people. What to see in May, if it was during this period that the trip fell? In late spring, when the flowerbeds are blooming and the greenery pleases with fresh colors, it is worth visiting the Cascade in Yerevan, surrounded by a beautiful park. It is unique architectural complex designed to connect the two parts of the city. Magnificently decorated staircases, picturesque fountains, colorful flower beds and various sculptures along the Kanaker Hills form a kind of cascade connecting the lower and upper parts of Yerevan. At the top of the Cascade there is observation deck, from where breathtaking views of the city open against the background of the horizon, decorated with the border of Small and Big Ararat. The total length of the Cascade composition is 0.5 km, and the difference between the heights is about 100 meters.
17. Geghard Monastery (Kotayk region)
Top view of the Geghard monastery complex among the cliffs of the gorge mountain river Goght in Armenia Geghard is a monastery complex, an amazing architectural structure and, most importantly, what Armenia is famous for in the Kotayk region. The monastery is located about half an hour's drive from the capital, in the beautiful gorge of the Goght River, where pilgrimage tours are often made. . It is believed that the monastery of St. George the Illuminator was founded in the 4th century A.D., on the site of a sacred spring, which to this day is located near the monastery and gives the purest water... Some of the buildings of the monastery were carved right inside the rocks, the other part is complex structures, partly enclosed by walls, partly recessed in the stronghold of the cliff. The monastery has another, more modern name - Geghardavank (Monastery of the Spear), derived from the spear of Longinus, which pierced the body of the Son of God after the execution. In the 13th century, the Apostle Thaddeus brought a spear to Armenia - the legendary shrine is now kept in the Armenian Museum of Etchmiadzin.
18. Etchmiadzin Cathedral (Vagharshapat)
Etchmiadzin Cathedral - one of the ancient Christian temples of the planet Vigen Hakhverdyan Each branch of Christianity has its own revered shrines. If we talk about the holy places of Armenia, the most important of them is the Echmiadzin Cathedral. The ancient city of Vagarashpat, where the cathedral is located, is the largest center of Christian culture on the territory of Armenia - Christianity here was recognized as the state religion back in the 4th century. In past centuries, the walls of the Etchmiadzin Cathedral were covered with frescoes with scenes from the Holy Scriptures and images of especially revered saints, but part of the painting was lost over time. As a result of careful restoration in the 20th century, fragments of the painting were updated, many structural elements were reinforced. On the side of the temple, you can visit the buildings reserved for museum exhibits. Their collections include paintings by famous Armenian artists, embroidered robes, church utensils, staffs, crosses and other valuable church attributes.
Pagan temple in Garni, dedicated to the sun god Mihr, on the territory of Armenia If you look at the sights of Armenia on the map , then about 30 kilometers from Yerevan you can see the only pagan temple in Armenia, erected after the adoption of Christianity. It was dedicated to one of the most revered gods in Ancient Armenia - Mihra, after whom it was named. This unique object is located near the village of Garni, right above the gorge of the Azat River. The temple is built of smooth-hewn basalt blocks, fastened with staples and pins, following the pattern of Hellenistic architecture. Along the entire length of the facade there are 9 high and massive steps, and the pylons on both sides of the staircase are covered with reliefs depicting the Atlanteans sitting on one knee with raised arms and supporting the altars. The dimensions of the temple are rather small - only a statue of a deity was located here, and the temple itself was intended only for the royal family. Ancient historical monuments have been preserved in the vicinity – the ruins of an ancient fortress, a royal palace and a bathhouse, built in the 3rd century.
20. Church of St. Hripsime (Vagharshapat)
Church of St. Hripsime of the 17th century at the entrance to the city of Vagharshapat in Armenia D-man The category of the main world shrines and treasures of mankind includes oldest city Vagharshapat, Armenia. Top attractions in this city are crowned by the 7th century St. Hripsime Church, which is part of the Echmiadzin Monastery complex. Inside are the relics of Saint Hripsime, brutally murdered by the pagans. Presumably in 301, several Christian girls came to Armenia from a Roman monastery, among them Hripsime. With her beauty, she so captivated the Roman emperor that he offered her a marriage. The girl, refusing, was forced to hide from the wrath of the monarch in Armenia. The Armenian king, also captivated by the beauty of Hripsime, fired up the same desire, but was rejected, for which he ordered the execution of all the girls who arrived. This cruelty led the emperor to an obsession with demons, from which Gregory the Illuminator healed him - the Son of God appeared to this saint in a dream, who indicated the place for the construction of a temple in honor of Hripsime.
In the north, Armenia borders on Georgia, a country where a proud but hospitable people live, where wine flows like a river, and mountain landscapes are so beautiful that almost all famous Russian writers mentioned them in their works! While in Armenia, consider visiting Georgia. Read about and be inspired for your further trip to the Caucasus region!
Rest in Armenia is one of best options if you want to look at ancient monuments, feel the flavor new country, see beautiful mountains and even heal body and soul. The country offers ample opportunities for those who are looking for ways to combine the useful with the interesting and will certainly be able to surprise. What to see, where to go and what you need to know about Armenia? About this and much more - below.
Acquaintance with the republic
Armenia is one of the oldest Transcaucasian countries with a rich history and architectural monuments. Since she was one of the first to adopt Christianity, this was reflected in numerous monasteries, churches and other religious buildings. The oldest cities that can be found in this country date back about 3000 years, with large beautiful castles and fortresses, peculiar architecture and beauty.
Where is
This highland country located on the Armenian plateau. Its height is approximately 1700 meters above sea level, its total area is 29.75 thousand square meters. km. It neighbors Georgia in the north, Azerbaijan in the south, and the west and south of the country with the Turkish border. The famous Ararat valley is also located here. It is important to remember that the time difference with Armenia is plus one hour Moscow time. When going on a trip, you should remember this.
Map of Armenia
How to get from Moscow
The easiest way to get to Armenia is by air. Since direct rail link with Russia is absent, then a motor vehicle or bus would also be a suitable option. The best way is through Georgia.
Several direct flights depart from Moscow and head to the main airport of the country near the capital Yerevan. Planes take off almost daily and in different time, so it won't be difficult to choose a suitable flight.
You can fly from Russia by flights of the following companies:
- Aeroflot - flies directly from Moscow;
- Air Armenia - national carrier;
- Siberia - departures from Moscow daily;
- Vim-Avia also departs from Moscow every day.
Since there is no direct route from Moscow by train to the country, you will have to travel with transfers, and the price will be equal to a plane ticket.
If you plan to travel to Armenia by car or bus, then you should know that the distance between Moscow and Yerevan is approximately 2250 km. With this method of travel, it is imperative to have documents for the car with you.
Popular holiday destinations
Mountains, monasteries, ancient civilizations, wonderful climate, delicious cuisine - all this is widely represented in Armenia. Rest, first of all, involves a visit to the capital of the country - Yerevan. In the city you can find monuments of ancient civilizations, which are intricately intertwined together. Not far from this city is the ancient capital of the great country Urartu, one of the oldest capitals of the past.
It is worth paying attention to another city - Dilijan. It is home to the largest number of monasteries located in the mountains and sanatoriums offering treatment in thermal springs. The country also has ski resort, Tsaghkadzor, which offers tourists a variety of conditions for recreation and training.
Rest in Armenia also involves visiting the ancient ruins of the capital of the state of Urartu, which is not far from Baku. And this country is also interesting because it is considered one of the first to adopt Christianity. Temple complex Echmiadzin is considered one of the most popular, its appearance and construction date back to the beginning of our era, which confirms the very fact of the emergence of Christianity in these territories.
Armenia is one of the most ancient countries known for its winemaking. Wine production began here many centuries ago. The ancient Armenians believed that this was a blessing of the gods, and therefore especially revered the place where the grapes grew-the valley of Ararat.
The Ararat Valley is considered to be another popular holiday destination among tourists. Almost all tours to Armenia offer a variety of opportunities to visit this truly unique place. The valley itself is a plain in the Armenian Highlands west of Lake Sevan. The Araks River flows along it, which divides it into two parts - a large one, which belongs to Armenia, and a small southern part of Turkey. It is also notable for the fact that on hot summer days above it you can see a truly unique a natural phenomenon- Sun shine.
Temperature and climate of Armenia
The climate in the mountains is more severe, therefore it attracts lovers of travel on the mountain slopes. In the Ararat valley, it is softer, but in the capital it can be very hot. In summer, the temperature rises to + 40 ° C. So, best time for travel to the country there will be the beginning of spring and autumn, when there are no such high temperatures... Winters in the mountains are very harsh but great for skiing and winter sports. The season starts in December and ends in March.
Water
The water temperature in the country's resorts is diverse. In the warm season in Lake Sevan, it does not exceed +18 ° C, which is quite cool. In spring and autumn, it does not fall below +15 ° С. In winter, conditions are harsher, so temperatures can drop dramatically, around 4-7 degrees on average.
Air
In the foothills, average temperatures in summer time are + 24 ... + 26 ° С. In winter, they drop to +5 ° С. It is much cooler in the mountains; depending on the height, temperature regime fluctuates from +10 ° С to +20 ° С in hot weather, and in winter - from +2 ° С to -15 ° С. During the period of spring and autumn, there are very often frosts, sometimes the temperature drops quite strongly - to -28 ° C.
Popular beaches
Most of the beaches in the country belong to the resort zones of Armenia and are located near Lake Sevan. Nearby are the mountains and the National Park.
Of the special entertainments that are offered in the resorts of Armenia, it should be noted the possibility of fishing - trout, pike perch, barbel and others. The license can be purchased right there, on the spot, from local companies that organize water tours.
Any trip to Armenia also involves visiting mineral resorts- Vanadzor, Arzni, Hankavan, Dilijan, where you can also find small beaches for recreation.
Ski resorts and outdoor activities
One of the most popular ski resorts in the country is located 40 kilometers north of Yerevan. Tsaghkadzor is visible in the valley of the Marmarik River, more than 1900 meters above sea level - this is 13 km ski slopes... One of the largest in the country can be found here. sports complexes... There are also swimming pools, a stadium, a stable, a sauna and other sports facilities that can be used for both relaxation and active pastime. Well, after active classes, you can visit many restaurants and cafes that will pamper you with their delicious national cuisine. If the question arises, what can be seen in Armenia in winter, then visiting and resting at this resort will be the best options.
Must see attractions
It is best to start a tour to the country from the capital. This is one of the largest and most important attractions, which is located in the heart of the Ararat valley. In the ancient dialect, the name of the city sounds like Erebuni, the mention of which dates back to several centuries BC. The city was one of the largest in history, besides, it was famous for its trade. Here you can see Republic Square, which is located in the center, Mashtots Avenue, many museums. It is very easy to navigate and travel in Yerevan. Among historically interesting places one can distinguish: the Yerevan fortress of the 16th century, the Matenadaran - an institute where ancient manuscripts are kept, the memorial complex "Sardarapat", and certainly churches, of which there are a great many.
The first church in the world was built in Armenia. This is Echmiadzin Cathedral, which was the first documented cathedral. Its construction dates back to around the 4th century.
The city of Ashtarak is famous for its Karmvor Church, which is located on a mountain slope. The Amberd fortress, the ancestral possession of the Pahlavuni princes, is one of the best preserved castles.
Traveling to Armeniyun is limited to visiting modern cities. Armavir is the ancient capital of Armenia. It is located on the left coast of the Araks. At first it was a fortress, which eventually turned into a large city. Nearby is Artashat, which is often called the Armenian Carthage. Here the number of ancient monuments is the largest in the country. The capital of the Middle Ages, Dvin, is still under the supervision of archaeologists.
Artsakh has almost 2 thousand architectural monuments, 600 of which are monastic complexes. The number of churches here has exceeded 500.
Nightlife in Armenia
For those who want to relax more actively, Yerevan offers many opportunities for night walks. After sunset, the entire city is illuminated with many colorful lights, especially in summer. Then life revives in the old streets of the capital. Especially a lot of tourists and locals rest on Revolution Square, where you can drink wine or coffee in a cafe. At 9 pm in the summer, multicolored singing fountains turn on here - you just have to sit and enjoy the atmosphere.
There are also many trendy clubs, cafes and wine bars. Most of them are in the center. Local performers always play in clubs, you can listen to jazz compositions and trendy music, which is fun to dance to. The great thing is that admission to such establishments is usually free for everyone.
Cafes, hotels, car rental
Recently, the country has been offering quite ample opportunities for comfortable rest... Many cafes and restaurants offer their services both during the day and at night. Most hotels and hotels have retained the Soviet approach. This is due to the fact that the owners do not want to comply with the accepted classification. Therefore, do not be surprised if you are served a delicious dinner, but you will not wait for the Internet.
Nutrition
Since tourism has recently begun to develop in large strides, Armenia will surprise you with a variety of dishes. The national cuisine is even one of the country's attractions. In any cafe, restaurant and other similar place, you will be offered a lot of greens, cheeses, vegetables, meat and, of course, lavash! These are traditional ingredients of Armenian cuisine. And also fermented milk matsun, a lot of salty snacks, twisted chechil cheese, salads with beans and herbs, pilaf and, of course, barbecue. This is just a part of all those delicious dishes that you will be hospitably offered to taste.
Residence
Hotels offer their services in all major cities of the country. Accommodation services are also offered by sanatoriums located in the most popular resorts. The most comfortable and best hotels are located in the capital. They offer a shuttle service, winter gardens for exploring, and swimming pools with solariums.
New hotels are rarely built in the country. Therefore, even if the category of the hotel is calculated as 5 stars, the service corresponds to the category of 2-3 stars.
Transport
Buses are the main mode of transport. It connects almost everything big cities... But it is very important to remember that this type of transport rarely has a clear schedule of movement and dispatch. Buses usually leave as soon as they are full.
You can also travel by car, which can be rented in the capital. But this will require special driving skills - the roads of the country are very worn out, and in mountainous areas and none at all. Traffic rules will also be problematic, as local residents are accustomed to moving without signals and markings.
Shopping in Armenia
If we talk about shopping in this country, then we should immediately mention a kind of symbol - carpets. This is the real pride of Armenians. You can buy them both in specialized stores in Yerevan and in the market, where prices will be more reasonable. All of them differ in color and national symbols.
Another souvenir that can be purchased here is cognac. You can find it in any store, and the quality will be the best! You can also return home with copper Turks, bronze figurines, and amulet dolls.
Places for recovery
Transcaucasia has always been famous for its fresh, healing mountain air, mineral springs and beautiful landscapes. The best places there will be local resorts for recovery. Based on mineral springs- Hankavan, Arevik and Arzni. It is also recommended to visit one of the largest resorts in Vanadzor. Jermuk and Dilijan also offer health and recreation services. More leisure offers ski resort Tsaghkadzor.
Armenia and security
An important point of visiting the country will be maintaining special safety measures on the road. Because local population does not really adhere to the rules of the movement, this can lead to accidents and injuries. Expect pedestrians to cross the road in front of you as well. It is difficult to buy good gasoline, therefore, if you are concerned about the safety of your car's engine, it is better to buy it in the capital.
The street lighting is very poor, so at night it is prohibited to travel to personal transport, especially without the accompaniment of a person who knows the area.
The export and import of antiques, precious stones, art, drugs and weapons is prohibited in Armenia. And it is better to declare large sums of money.
Rest in Armenia is an opportunity not only to look at the beautiful landscapes, enjoy the fresh mountain air and relax on the mineral springs. Here you can also see interesting sights, enjoy delicious national cuisine and observe unique traditions that are still being passed on.
This ancient state of Transcaucasia keeps many secrets in itself! .. A glass of fragrant cognac, churchkhela and lavash, poetic toast and the majestic Ararat covered with snowy gray hairs on the horizon, infectious dances and melodies, bright embroidered costumes and a burning southern temperament ... Of course, you guessed it, that it will be about Armenia! Welcome to Noah's Sacred Land!
This country in a bizarre way combines seemingly incongruous: ancient mysterious temples with undeciphered letters of the forgotten civilization Urartu, luxurious Muslim mosques and gold-domed Christian temples. You can endlessly enumerate the sights of Armenia. This small country has a rich history, which attracts fans of excursions. Historical places Armenia is only a part of the local attractions, albeit a very significant one. But in addition to historical monuments, this country can boast of many natural beauties. This will be discussed in this article. The sights of Armenia, photos and descriptions of which are given below, are included in the UNESCO list and are protected by law.
Although today Armenia is not included in the popular destinations for tourism, since it has no access to sea coast, but in terms of sightseeing rest this country can compete with almost all of Europe! conditionally divided into 2 separate large groups - natural and historical. The culture and traditions of the statehood of Armenia are based on the most ancient customs of Christianity. That is why the country is especially rich in monuments of the era of early Christianity. There are also monuments of an earlier, pre-Christian era: the ruins of the Urartian Erebuni Teishebaini, the ancient Armenian capitals with their buildings, the pre-Christian temple of Garni and many, many others. Rich story the country that changed 12 capitals over the course of three thousand years, some of which have survived in the modern Republic of Armenia, left a unique imprint. Armenia is multifaceted and beautiful today! The sights, the guide to which we have compiled for you, should certainly be visited by every guest of this fabulous country.
Etchmiadzin - the ancient religious capital of Armenia
Echmiadzin is located 19 km west of Yerevan. It was founded in the 4th century. BC Echmiadzin Cathedral is the oldest existing Christian cathedral in the world. It consists of a theological academy, a Synod built in the 17th-19th centuries, monastic cells and a library. Fragments of the Life-giving Tree and Sand of the Cross of Christ, Noah's ark found on the slopes of Ararat, as well as particles of the Savior's crown of thorns are kept in local churches. In addition, here you can venerate the relics of John the Baptist, St. Stephen the first martyr, the apostles Thaddeus, Bartholomew and Thomas, great saints.
Temple of the Vigilant Forces of Heaven Zvartnots
The ruins of the Zvartnots temple, located 15 km from Yerevan, are unique. The temple, founded in the 7th century during the difficult years of the struggle against the invaders, has truly become a symbol of the inviolable faith of Christian Armenians. This architectural masterpiece and prototype for local churches was destroyed by a powerful earthquake three centuries after its creation. The ruins of Zvartnots are included in the UNESCO list.
Khor Virap monastery
Ararat is the Holy Mountain, the place of salvation of mankind, where Christian pilgrims from all over the world regularly arrive. The history of the people of Armenia is closely related to the history of this majestic mountain... According to legend, this mountain has tremendous spiritual energy, for many years it has inspired wandering poets, artists, and writers. Ararat is a true symbol of the people of Armenia, despite the fact that it is now located on the territory of Turkey. The most beautiful panorama of the mountain opens from Yerevan. Also, almost all of Armenia is visible from the top of Ararat at a glance. Beautiful places, photos of which can be found in any travel guide, are also decorated with bottles with local cognacs.
but best views biblical mountains open from Khor Virap. In ancient times, one of the former capitals Aratashat. Khor Virap is translated from Armenian as "deep pit". The name is due to the fact that the monastery was erected above the underground, where St. Gregory the Illuminator languished for over 10 years on the orders of King Tiridates the Third, punished only for the fact that he professed Christianity. The dungeon filled with poisonous snakes did not break his faith. A local woman, according to legend, brought him water and food. Meanwhile, King Tiridates went mad, Gregory cured him, at the same time Christianity was adopted as the state religion.
Noravank monastery
Noravank was built in the 13th century along the gorge of the Arpa River on amazing sheer red rocks. It is truly a treasure trove of religious art. Here are the most beautiful khachkars of one of the famous masters - Momik. The 2-storey Astvatsatsin church with a chapel on the second floor is unique. It consists of the church of St. John the Baptist and the chapel of St. Gregory the Illuminator. In the 13-14 st. the monastery was used as the residence of the bishops of the Syunik province and one of the religious, cultural and educational centers of the country.
Tatev monastery
To get to Tatev, one of the centers of religious life, education and science in Armenia in the Middle Ages, they use the longest cable car in the world. The monastery, created in the 1st century, today consists of churches. It is located on a rocky peak right above the picturesque gorge of the rapid river. Vorotan.
Monastery and Lake Sevan
Sevan is a high-mountain lake, one of the largest in the world, located at an altitude of 2 thousand meters. The lake with a surface area of 1240 square meters is surrounded by mountain ranges... The charm of the local landscapes is as great as the cultural monuments located on its shores. One of them is the Sevan Monastery, founded in 874 by Princess Maryam, the daughter of Ashot I Bagratuni. It consists of the Church of the Most Holy Theotokos and the Church of the Holy Apostles, as well as a theological seminary.
The famous mountain resort of Dilijan
Dilijan is hidden among beautiful valleys, forests, and gorges. Armenia, the sights of which are known throughout the CIS, can boast of this famous mountain climatic resort. Dilijan, famous mineral waters, located in the heart of the most beautiful national park in the Caucasus. Dilijan is often compared to luxurious Switzerland: the local ideal climate effectively improves the well-being of people with lung diseases. Dilijan is famous for its craftsmen who work with stone and wood - materials that the Lord generously gave for their homes. The city is an ethnographic museum under open air, created in the spirit of national traditions, starting with the characteristic mansard roofs and balconies made of wood and stone. In the resort area there are many popular and comfortable sanatoriums and hotels with a good level of service.
Haghartsin and Goshavank monasteries
Garni
The ancient temple of Garni dates back to the 1st century and is an excellent example of Hellenistic architecture. The temple is surrounded by the ruins of baths and palaces built at the residence of the Armenian kings in 3-4 centuries BC.
Geghard monastery
Geghard is a stunning architectural monument of the Middle Ages. Part of it is carved out of the rock. The monastery is included in the UNESCO List. Geghard is famous as a monastery of 7 Churches and 40 Altars. In general, the monastery is a real treasure of Armenian culture. The acoustics in the church are amazing (in some places the sound can be heard for up to 30-40 seconds). The secret of this unique acoustics has not yet been revealed.
Haghpat and Sanahin
In the north of the country there are two unique Armenian monasteries Haghpat and Sanahin, included in the UNESCO List. Sanahin was founded in the 10th century. and was the largest educational center - the academy. Haghpat was also founded in the 10th century. and was also one of the most important cultural centers.
Yerevan - the pink capital
Armenia can boast of many natural and man-made sights. Yerevan, the sights of which made it famous all over the world, for example, has long been called the "pink" capital of the world. This is due to the fact that the city, founded in the distant 782 BC, was almost entirely built of pink tuff - a rock of volcanic origin. Only Armenia (Yerevan) can boast of such a feature. The sights of the country in general and the capital in particular are a unique architectural complex in the neoclassical style, the ancient ruins of Urartu, the charm of cozy cafes and luxurious fountains, friendly and hospitable locals. So don't miss the opportunity to see everything with your own eyes!
One can endlessly enumerate the numerous sights of Armenia. The country's historical places are immortalized in history textbooks, film guides. They tell about the historical, cultural and natural tourist sites of the country. In addition, there are a lot of documentaries and feature films, where the most beautiful places in Armenia are presented.
