In 1494, the Spaniards first set foot on the island, and fifteen years later the first colonial settlements arose. The tribes of the Arawak Indians begin to decline rapidly and completely disappear by the beginning of the next century. Jamaica mutates. At this time, slaves from Africa are brought to the island to work on plantations. In the second half of the 17th century, the British captured this territory and annexed it to the British crown. Since history of Jamaica closely related to Great Britain.
On the shore, in the place of a picturesque bay, the city of Port Royal appeared, which became a haven for pirates. Not a single ship could pass these shores unnoticed. Port Royal grew rich and went unpunished until the depths of the sea swallowed him.
The British organized sugarcane plantations on the island. Negro slaves, exhausted by hard work, staged uprisings and undermined the economy. It became especially difficult for the planters after the abolition of slavery. At the beginning of the 20th century, the United States made large investments in the development of the island. The cultivation and export of bananas, coconuts, coffee and cocoa generated income. In the second half of the 20th century, Jamaica became a completely free state with its own system of government and economy. During the period of colonization, a kind of culture of Jamaica. She absorbed elements of Indian and African cults, as well as elements of European traditions.
Opposite the old Fort Port Royal, the haven of pirates, on the opposite shore of the bay of the same name appeared locality Kingston. He was very small and inconspicuous until the inhabitants of the old center of the island, destroyed by fire, became interested in him. Port Royal ceased to exist, and Kingston began to grow and develop at a rapid pace. It has become a significant port, which has the ability to receive large cargo and passenger ships. That's what it is capital of Jamaica. Nowadays, the city is the citadel of tourism on the island and a favorite destination for holidaymakers, along with numerous resorts.
Numerical and ethnic composition the island has changed a lot since its colonization. currently over 90 percent African, 6 percent mulatto and 3 percent other ethnic groups. The total population of the island is 2.8 million. The average age of people is about 75 years old, and the birth rate exceeds the death rate. At the same time, about five out of a thousand people leave the country for various reasons.
The centuries-old history states associated with the rule of Great Britain. The colonization period was quite long. After independence in 1962 State of Jamaica became part of the union and remained under the control of the monarchy. In the absence of the Queen, the country is governed by a Governor-General, who is appointed with the consent of the Prime Minister of the island. The country has a bicameral Parliament, a Constitution has been adopted. The government has several times expressed the wish for a complete withdrawal from the union and obtaining the status of a republic.
There are two parties in the country, whose activities affect the relationship of the island with other states. during the reign of Labor, she was inclined to cooperate with the United States and Britain. The People's Party gravitates towards Cuba and the third world countries. Jamaica has diplomatic relations with Russia.
Jamaican language
The general population of the state speaks the Patois dialect, which is a mixture of Creole and Jamaican. Meanwhile, the state one is English.
The richest culture in Jamaica dates back to pre-Columbian times. Since then, the islands have preserved petroglyphs engraved on the walls in the caves by the Arawak Indian tribe. Today Jamaica, especially Kingston Town, is the main cultural center of the entire Caribbean. In 1962, the country gained independence and cultural development began here. Norman's wife Manley (the first prime minister of Jamaica) actively fought to free the country's culture from European aesthetics. From the 20s of the 20th century until her death (1987) she was one of the central figures cultural world islands Jamaica.
Moreover, a woman was appreciated in different roles - both in the role of a talented sculptor and in the role of a person who supports local creative intellectuals, among whom were primitivists (focused on Jamaica) and artists who were educated abroad and began to create in accordance with all the rules of painting.
One of the features of the local creativity is the emphasis on the historical roots of the country's population. The worldwide success of reggae music has drawn immense interest in Jamaican culture from overseas youth. Great attention in culture is paid to the promotion of the ideas of Rasta (local faith), which is mainly worshiped by black locals.
Dance and music country
In Jamaica, they dance everywhere to the musical rhythms of juice, calypso and reggae. Dances are held both on the beaches in hotels and in discos in working-class suburbs. Music is literally everywhere you go. Initially, Jamaican music was dominated by a musical form called mento, which was a folk version of the calypso performance. In the 19th century, it got its nourishment from Cuban rhythms. This kind of music played on dance floors until the 50s of the last century, and then it was overshadowed by rhythm and food and boogie woogie. The ska style of music, regardless of its many years of existence, influenced rhythm and blues very strongly, and in its main components became the forerunner of reggae music. Basically, everyone associates reggae with Bob Marley, who helped the idea of self-awareness of the inhabitants of the third world to sparkle with new colors.
In his songs, Marley carried social, political and religious messages to the public, contributing to the fight against racism, social inequality and other social ills of the time.
What language do they speak?
The official spoken language in Jamaica is English, but in reality the country is bilingual, and there are much fewer people who speak English than those who understand it. The unofficial language of the country is patois, very melodic, with the modulation and rhythm of the voice characteristic of Jamaica. This language emerged from a mixture of Creole English and the local language, and was subsequently corrected by African, Spanish and Portuguese concepts, and also diluted with Rastafarian slang.
Jamaica cannot be recognized in a couple of days. To enjoy this amazing island, tourists will need much more time than a few days. Holidays in Jamaica are horse riding, rafting, mountain biking, diving, rock climbing, snorkeling, or just a carefree pastime in a hammock with a cocktail to reggae music on the beach on the shore Caribbean.
Geography of Jamaica
The island state of Jamaica is located in the Caribbean Sea, 145 kilometers south of Cuba and 191 kilometers west of Haiti. The island of Jamaica is part of the Greater Antilles group. The total area of the country is 10,991 sq. km.
The state of Jamaica includes the island of the same name, the Morant Keys archipelago and the Pedro Islands.
The central part of the island is dominated by mountains, while the coastal areas are dominated by plains. The most high peak- Mountain Blue Mountain, whose height reaches 2 256 meters.
Jamaica is located in the so-called. "Hurricane belt" of the Atlantic Ocean, and therefore the country is sometimes subject to devastating storms.
Capital
Kingston is the capital of the state of Jamaica. More than 600 thousand people now live in this city. Kingston was founded by the British in 1693.
Official language
The official language is English.
Religion
The majority of the population consider themselves Christians (they belong to various Protestant branches of Christianity). Only 2% of them are Catholics and 4% are Anglicans.
State structure of Jamaica
Jamaica is a constitutional monarchy headed by the monarch of Great Britain. He appoints his representative to the island - the Governor-General. In turn, the Governor General appoints the Prime Minister of Jamaica and other ministers.
The bicameral local parliament consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The main political parties are the People's National Party and the Jamaican Labor Party ( politic system bipartisan).
Administratively, the country is divided into 14 parishes, which are historically grouped into three districts.
Climate and weather
The climate is tropical average annual temperature air in winter - + 25.5C, and in summer - + 28C. The climate is greatly influenced by the Atlantic. There are two rainy seasons - May-June and August-October. Even then, it doesn't rain there every day. Generally, average annual amount precipitation is 1 288 mm (but the distribution of precipitation is uneven across the island).
The best time to relax in Jamaica is from January to March ("high season").
Jamaica Sea
The island of Jamaica is surrounded on all sides by the Caribbean Sea. There are numerous coral reefs around the island. The average sea temperature near the coast in January-March is + 26C, and in June-October - + 28C.
Rivers and lakes
There are over 100 rivers in Jamaica, but most of them are very small. The largest of them is the Chernaya River, whose length reaches 73 kilometers. Some Jamaican rivers are great for rafting and other water sports.
Culture
Jamaican culture was influenced by the Taino Indians, Europeans, Africans, Indians and even the Chinese. The result is a unified modern Jamaican culture.
It is Jamaica that is the birthplace of the reggae musical style. This country annually hosts the world's largest reggae festivals. The most famous of these is the Reggae SumFest, which musicians and tourists visit in July.
In general, various festivals and carnivals are very popular in this country. So, every January and February in Kingston, Carnival, the most grandiose Jamaican show, takes place.
Other popular local festivals include Caribbean Rum, Wine and Food Festival, Reggae Sunsplash Carnival, and Jonkanu Christmas.
Jamaican cuisine
Jamaican cuisine is influenced by cultural traditions local Indians, Spaniards, British, Indians and Chinese. The main foodstuffs are corn, potatoes, rice, beans, seafood (lobster, shrimp), fish (perch, tuna, mackerel), vegetables, meat, peas, yucca. When preparing dishes, ginger, nutmeg, and allspice are often used.
Jamaica's national fruit is Ackee. Other popular local fruits are mango, pineapple, papaya, banana, guava, coconuts.
Akki is most often prepared with salted fish (cod), vegetables and bacon. This dish is served for breakfast along with tortillas and bananas.
Chicken, pork, fish are most often served with Jerk, which is made from cinnamon, allspice, thyme, onions, green onions and nutmeg.
Traditional soft drinks - coffee, fruit juices, coconut water, "Irish moss" (Irish moss - a drink made from carrageenan seaweed with sweetened milk, cinnamon, vanilla and nutmeg).
The traditional alcoholic drink is Jamaican rum, which is made from sugar cane.
sights
Do not forget to also visit the museums of Kingston - the Bob Marley Museum, the Museum National history, in the Zoological Museum and in the War Museum.
In the south of the island, tourists are very interested in National park Black River, which is home to a wide variety of exotic plants, as well as many rare and unique animals.
Cities and resorts
The largest cities are St Andrew, Montego Bay, St Catherine, St James, Manchester, and Kingston.
In the northwest of the country is the famous popular beach area of Montego Bay, where along with luxurious sandy beaches there are excellent opportunities for water sports, diving, outdoor activities and golf.
In the west, there is another popular resort area - Negril, which is adorned with the 11-kilometer Calico Jack Beach.
On the northern coast of the country, the resort of Ocho Rios, surrounded by lush tropical vegetation, is popular with tourists. In the vicinity of this resort, tourists can see beautiful waterfalls and coffee plantations.
If you are interested in a quiet, relaxing holiday, then the best choice is the Port Antonio resort, located in the north-east of the country. Films are often filmed in the vicinity of Port Antonio, which speaks of a very picturesque area.
Souvenirs / shopping
The most popular souvenirs from Jamaica are various handicrafts, jewelry (bracelets, necklaces), clothing, hot sauces, cigarettes and cigars, coffee, liqueurs (such as Tia Maria) and Jamaican rum (such as Appleton Rum).
Opening hours of institutions
Banks:
Mon-Fri: 08: 30-14: 30
The shops:
Mon-Sat: 08: 30-18: 00
Visa
Ukrainians can get a visa at the airport upon arrival in Jamaica.
Currency of Jamaica
The Jamaican dollar is the official currency of Jamaica (its international designation: JMD). Most large shops, hotels and restaurants accept credit cards and can also cash travelers checks. Small shops and merchants only accept cash.
Customs restrictions
When the word "Jamaica" comes to mind, a song by Robertino Loretti comes to mind. We imagine a radiant, green island with sunny beaches, where locals bask, smoke marijuana and listen to reggae music. However, not all people are able to show on the map where Jamaica is located. To fix this, let's take a closer look at the island country where Columbus once landed.
Geographic location
Jamaica is located in Central America on the island of the same name. Its shores are washed by the waters of the Caribbean Sea, and its neighbors are Cuba and Haiti. Jamaica is part of the Archipelago of Large antilles.
The total area of the state is 10,991 sq. km. The length of the island from east to west is 225 km, from south to north - from 35 km at its narrowest point and up to 82 km at its widest. The coastline stretches for 1022 km.
Nature
"Land of springs", "place of water and trees", "island of springs" - this is how the name of the state of Jamaica is translated. The Caribbean Sea washes it from all sides. In the north, there is a narrow strip of sandy beaches that are protected from large waves by coral reefs (Jamaican Riviera). South coast rugged, there are many good harbors where Caribbean pirates once hid.
Two-thirds of the area is occupied by a limestone plateau, which rises more than 900 m above the sea.In its western part lies the Cockpit Country Basin, which is a set of hills separated by picturesque valleys... There are underground streams, caves and sinkholes. To the east, the Blue Mountains and Grand Ridge mountain ranges soar into the sky. The highest point in Jamaica is located here and is 2256 m.
Forests cover approximately one fifth of the island. There are a lot of bamboo, cotton and log trees, mango thickets in the south. Part of the island is planted with eucalyptus and Caribbean pine. Many flowering plants, including 200 beautiful orchid species. Of the animals, there are especially many birds: scientists have counted 256 different species. Manatees and crocodiles, as well as iguanas, snakes, and bats have been preserved from the fauna. But most of the animals are brought to the island from other places (for example, Indian mongooses).
Weather
The climate in Jamaica is tropical trade wind, but its features are largely due to the relief. So, in the interior regions the temperatures are lower, the weather is more moderate than on the coast. On average, 1900 mm of precipitation falls per year. The rainy season starts in May and lasts until October. Its weakening is noted in July and August. These are the hottest months when temperatures rise to 35 ° C. In winter, it is drier and colder - an average of 24 to 30 degrees.
Although the island is hot and humid, locals and tourists alike feel comfortable. This is facilitated by fresh sea breezes. Jamaica is in an area of sea cyclones. Hurricanes occur from June to November and cause serious damage to the island. The disaster in 1951 and 1988 led to large human casualties. In 2000, hurricanes were less severe, but also destructive.
Population
76% of Jamaicans are African. 15% are mestizos of Afro-European origin. Immigrants from India account for 1.3%, Chinese - 0.2% and the same number for Europeans. In 2017, the total population of Jamaica was 2.7 million people. 52% live in cities local residents... The rest are engaged in agriculture. The number of literate adults among men is 84%, among women - 92%.
The main language is English, but many residents speak Patois (a mixture of Creole and English). Of the religions, the most widespread is Protestantism (Baptists, Pentecostals, Jehovah's Witnesses, Anglicans, "Church of God", etc.). 62% of the islanders preach it. More than 20% consider themselves to be atheists. 10% preach Rastafarians. Also found in Jamaica are Catholics, Muslims, Judaists, representatives of less common directions and cults.
Country history
Jamaica was originally inhabited by the Arawak Indians. Before the arrival of Columbus in 1494, their number was 60 thousand people. The Spaniards built the first settlement in 1509. They brought slaves to the island from Africa, while by 1611 there were only 74 Arawaks. In 1655, the British conquered the territory and declared it their colony from 1670.
Soon there was a city of Port Royal, famous as the capital of the pirates. The British robbed the Spanish ships until 1692, when, as a result of the strongest earthquake, part of Port Royal was not submerged. However, industry also developed in Jamaica. The British grew sugarcane. Jamaican rum was in high demand.
The owners of the colony had a hard time, because over 150 years, at least 30 uprisings have taken place on the island. The negroes did not want to put up with their position and rebelled. With the abolition of slavery in 1833, sugar production declined sharply. Salaried workers imported from China and India were unable to rectify the situation.
Only in the 20th century did the economic situation improve thanks to US investments. From here they began to export coffee, bananas, coconuts and cocoa. In 1943, all residents received voting rights. Jamaica received complete freedom from England in 1962. This again led to an economic downturn and a significant increase in crime in the 70s of the last century. Illicit drug production and poverty of the population are still the main problems of the country.
Political system
Jamaica is officially a kingdom with a constitutional monarchy. Although it became an independent country, the British Queen Elizabeth II remains its head. This point is spelled out in the constitution. On the island, she is represented by the Governor-General, endowed with the same powers in the absence of the Queen. He signs all legislation and appoints the prime minister. The latter must belong to the party that won the election. The Privy Council of 6 is called to advise the Governor-General.
The laws are passed by the parliament, which consists of two chambers. The Governor General appoints people to the Senate, listening to the recommendations of the Prime Minister. Members of the House of Representatives are elected by the inhabitants of the island once every 5 years. The main parties in 2016 were two: the Labor Party and the People's National Party.
Capital
It is not known when the agricultural village of Kingston appeared at the foot of the Blue Mountains. Jamaica was then a center for piracy and the slave trade, with the capital at Port Royal. After a terrible earthquake, "depraved Babylon", as the Spanish called Port Royal, was flooded. Rescued residents moved to the village of Kingston. Thus, 1693 is considered the date of the founding of a new settlement by the British. By 1716, Kingston had become the largest city in Jamaica. Since 1872, the British administration has been located here. In 1962, the city was recognized as the capital of the newly independent state.
Today 580 thousand people live here. This is a busy port, 80% are concentrated here. industrial enterprises... A big problem is crime, which thrives in Spenish Town (a suburb of Kingston). Jamaica is a country with many anti-social personalities. You can also meet them in the central part of the capital. Poor neighborhoods are home to reggae music. A fashionable area is considered New town where rich hotels are located, as well as offices of large companies.
Economy
The description of Jamaica is often accompanied by references to the poverty of the local population. Indeed, about 20% of families live below the poverty level, and unemployment reaches 16%. The main profit for the country comes from the tourism business. There are 6 economic zones in total:
- In the West, hemp is grown in mountainous areas, which is then used to make marijuana. There are coffee plantations in the foothills of the Blue Mountains.
- In the central regions of the plate and in its western part, bauxite is mined, they are engaged in animal husbandry, and vegetables and fruits are planted.
- The northern coast is a tourist area.
- In the south, there are cane and banana plantations, and raw sugar is produced here.
- In the inner regions of the plateau, they are actively trying to revive agriculture.
- Liguania, Kingston area, - industrial centre Jamaica, home to 25% of the total population.
Culture
Not all of us know where Jamaica is, but we've all listened to rap and seen hip-hop dancing at some point. They originated in New York thanks to people from this small country.
A feature of Jamaica is the close interweaving of English traditions and African rituals. Since the 1930s, the Rastafari current arose and spread here. Its representatives wear dreadlocks and knitted striped hats, smoke soft drugs to free their minds, preach pacifism and rejection of Western conventions. Marcus Garvey became the ideological inspirer of the Rastafarians.
The musical style of reggae is closely related to the movement. The most famous singer - Bob Marley - is considered a national hero. In Kingston, you can visit his house-museum. In the same country, SKA, Rugga, Dancehall, Rocksteady, Dub, Mento were born.
The Institute of Jamaica had a great influence on the art of the state, at which classes in painting were opened. Famous artists include W. Tong, A. Hugh, R. Campbell, B. Watson, D. Pottinger, A. Cooper, L. Morris. From folk art, metal and wood carvings are vividly represented.
sights
Where Jamaica is located, summer always reigns. Many tourists come here to admire the picturesque views, as well as to do aquatic species sports.
The most famous landmarks are:
- Negril beach with white sand. It is believed to be the best diving destination.
- Dunn's River Falls, located in a beautiful rainforest.
- Bob Marley Museum.
- Rio Grande and Marta Brae, which you can go down on bamboo rafts.
- The beach where the first episode of James Bond's adventures was filmed, as well as the villa of his literary father Ian Fleming.
- Blue Mountains National Park, where you can climb the most high point islands.
- Rose Hall Mansion, built in 1770
- The unique Fern Galli road, which runs through a forest with 500 species of ferns.
- Dolphin Cove with live crocodiles, trained dolphins and shark shows.
Now you know where Jamaica is, a land of impenetrable jungles, white beaches and unemployment. An atmosphere of lightness reigns here, despite the poverty, and on the streets carefree musicians perform Caribbean rap to the soundtrack.
Almost three million Jamaica is perhaps one of the most beautiful islands in the Caribbean. And, without a doubt, the most colorful and unique. The atmosphere of the Caribbean is more palpable here - Jamaica not only absorbed the spirit of the Caribbean Sea, but also strengthened it many times over.
Despite the fact that the island is located almost in the very center of the Caribbean Sea, Jamaica cannot be confused with the rest of the islands of the Caribbean archipelago. It attracts tourists with the same tropical sun, white beaches and carefree resort life as most other islands. And yet, Jamaica is a special world, both culturally and historically.
A tourist who visits the island for the first time will immediately be struck by the distinctive "Africanness" of the island's inhabitants. Yes, Jamaica has a lot to offer the curious traveler who is tired of the gray working days or who has managed to see many cities and countries.
The Blue Mountains are justly proud of their best coffee in the world - you can verify this by visiting a century-old factory on Mavis Bank and tasting a cup of coffee straight from the plantation. Diving enthusiasts will find first-class reefs, including the famous Runaway Beach or Ocho Rios. And Jamaica is also pristine waterfalls, swampy backwaters with crocodiles and manatees.
Fishing villages here side by side with cosmopolitan cities. And of course - unforgettable tropical sunsets on the spacious, palm-fringed white beaches of Treasure Beach or Frenchman Cove near Port Antonio. In short, much of what attracts a traveler to other parts of the world can be found here in Jamaica.
Yet nowhere in the Caribbean is the connection to Africa felt more tangibly than in Jamaica. In Kingston, the capital of Jamaica, slaves were brought from Africa, and sugar and rum were exported to Europe. The fugitive Maroon slaves who populated the slopes of Cockpit Country and the Blue Mountains have preserved many African traditions - including jerk, one of the hallmarks of Jamaican cuisine. And, of course, Jamaica is the reggae rhythm that burst into popular music in the 1970s and 80s. This region is literally steeped in unique history, stunning landscapes and original culture. So - welcome to Jamaica.
Current time, Kingston:
(UTC -5)
A visa to Jamaica for up to 30 days is put on arrival, at the international airport - at the immigration office, a stamp on arrival is simply noted in the passport. Visa price - USD 25.
How to get to Jamaica
Air traffic
Tourists, and especially those who decide to visit Jamaica for the sake of beach holiday usually arrive at the airport. Donald Sangster in Montego Bay on the country's northern coast. In most cases, everyone arrives there international flights... However, those heading to the Blue Mountains region or starting their journey through Jamaica from its capital, Kingston, are hosted by the International Airport. Norman Manley.
A local airline network connects these two airports with other islands in the Caribbean archipelago, as well as with a network of smaller airports in Jamaica itself, as the island also has local airports that accept charter flights.
Cities and regions
Jamaica is the third largest English-speaking country in the Western Hemisphere, after the United States and Canada. Having declared its independence in 1962, it still remains in British Commonwealth nations. Jamaica is divided into three counties, which in turn include parishes (numbering on the map - in order).
Administrative divisions of Jamaica (counties and parishes)
- County of Cornwall: Hanover, St. Elizabeth, St. James, Trelawney, Westmoreland.
- County Middlesex: Clarendon, Manchester, St Anne, St Catherine, St Mary.
- Surrey: Kingston, Portland, St Andrew, St Thomas.
However, many thousands of visitors to the island are much more familiar with the division into tourist regions: the northern and northeastern coasts, southwest coast, Kingston and the Blue Mountains.
sights
Museums and galleries
Entertainment
Parks and recreation areas
Transport
Private guides in Jamaica
Russian private guides will help you get acquainted with Jamaica in more detail.
It is registered on the project Experts.Tourister.Ru.
Entertainment in Jamaica
Diving in Jamaica
A coral reef runs along almost the entire length of the northern coast of the island, with an average distance of a mile to five miles from the coastline. Along it are the main diving sites - some on the main reef, others on miniature reefs and on "coral heads" standing on the sandy bottom. Most of the water here is no deeper than 30 meters. Among the fans of diving, Jamaica hardly holds the world leadership - but the fact that it is not so well known does not mean that these places are not of interest to those divers who decide to relax in Jamaica. The island has diving sites located close to the main resorts, with experienced operators. Most of the diving centers are tied to hotels, but there are also independent companies that offer services to divers who come to Jamaica from all over the world.
Recently, reef marine life has suffered significant damage due to excessive fishing, however, corals still retain good color, and visibility in the water is quite high - 20-30 meters - except for stormy weather, when in any case scuba diving does not seem possible.
The southern coast is less suitable for diving: it is shallow, often with poor visibility. Considering that and tourist centers it is also smaller here, diving centers in this area are also not often found. Nevertheless, the southern coast may be of interest to divers: the ruins of the sunken Port Royal, near Kingston, are still in good condition, and divers can literally "plunge" into the atmosphere of history. The average water temperature in Jamaica ranges from 26 to 29 degrees Celsius, depending on the season.
Marine life in the coastal waters is plentiful: turtles, nurse sharks are not uncommon here, and hammerfish can be seen on deeper dives. Colorful stingrays, Caribbean eels, moray eels and, of course, stunning multi-colored sponges and gorgonian corals are common.
Surfing in Jamaica
Surfing has never really been widespread on the island, and even the Surf Association itself only appeared in Jamaica in 1999 through the efforts of a local celebrity - Billy Wilmot of the reggae group Mystic Revealers. The places that are most suitable for surfing are northeast and southeast coast... There is a good wave there all year round, but the best time- between November and the end of winter.
Windsurfing in Jamaica
But windsurfing has long gained popularity in Jamaica. There are many good places for windsurfing, mainly along the northern coast, between Montego Bay and Ocho Rios. The most favorable winds are in early spring, and then in July and August, when they reach a constant strength of 15-20 knots. Winter is a riskier time to surf as North wind in Jamaica, he can be so strong that it is quite difficult to stay on the board. Usually the winds get stronger in the evening, so the first half of the day is a good time for beginners. Typically, many hotels provide windsurfing equipment.
Best places to windsurf in Jamaica:
- Bailey's Beach, east of Kingston.
- Burwood Beach public beach to the east of Falmouth, where the wind is considered the best windsurfing on the island.
- Another popular destination in the same region is Silver Sands. The wind here can be quite strong, more suitable for advanced windsurfers.
Kitesurfing in Jamaica
Kitesurfing is just beginning to develop in Jamaica, so there are no permanent places on the island where independent tourists can rely on board and kite rental.
Generally, most major hotels on the Jamaican coast provide good water sports kits for free. All inclusive hotels also offer their customers other water activities: sea bikes and jet skis, kayaks, etc.
Many public beaches also offer snorkeling equipment - snorkelling and snorkelling - to rent, usually where conditions are suitable for diving.
Rafting in Jamaica
Jamaica also has something to offer tourists that is not found on other islands in the Caribbean - river rafting. However, Jamaican rafting looks a little different than usual - there are no inflatable rafts, no rapids on mountain rivers enveloping rocky rapids. Jamaican rafting is a leisurely and exceptionally enjoyable bamboo raft ride along the calm surface of the river, giving you the opportunity to experience the fantastically beautiful nature of the island from the inside. The rafts, about ten to fifteen meters long, are equipped with a raised passenger seat near the end of the raft, and are steered by a bamboo pole held by the driver. Originally, rafts were used to raft bananas from plantations to the docks of Port Antonio. The popularity of Jamaican rafting as a tourist attraction was greatly facilitated by the Hollywood actor Errol Flynn, who had a house in Port Antonio. The most famous rafting spots are the Great River (west of Montego Bay), the White River just outside Ocho Rios, and the Rio Grande near Port Antonio. Rafting in Jamaica is well worth trying.
Golf in Jamaica
Jamaica is proud of its unique golf courses, many of which are directly overlooking the Caribbean Sea. Most golf clubs are located on the north coast, mostly near Montego Bay. There are also golf courses and beginner golf courses in Ocho Rios, Runaway Bay, and Negril on the south shore.
Hiking in Jamaica
Jamaica has a varied landscape, with mountains surprisingly high for such a small island. These places have been chosen by lovers of ecological tourism and hiking. There are dry and humid forests on limestone soils, and climbing higher into the mountains, you will find yourself in a real humid tropical jungle.
Hiking trails have long been popular in these areas, especially around the Blue Mountains. Recently, however, tourists have discovered new destinations - to the John Crow Mountains (in the northeast of the island, in the vicinity of Port Antonio), and to the vicinity of Cockpit Country, the refuge of fugitive Maroons.
Fishing in Jamaica
Jamaica offers exceptional sport fishing opportunities, given that only 5 miles off the north coast of Jamaica lies the deepest point in the Caribbean, the so-called Cayman Trench, or Cayman Trench, a deep-sea crevice that lies between Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. Among the trophies that lucky anglers come across are blue and white marlin, sailfish, king mackerel, dorado, yellowfin and blackfin tuna, mackerel and bonito. The most best fishing- on the north coast, with access to the sea from Ocho Rios and Port Antonio. There is also no shortage of fishing boats and speedboats that can be rented for the day for fishing.
Getting around Jamaica
Getting around the third largest island in the Caribbean may seem like a daunting task to the inexperienced traveler. However, by deciding in advance which method of transportation is best for you, you will turn traveling around Jamaica fun, not an embarrassment.
Car rental
Driving your rental car in Jamaica can seem like a real challenge for someone who is not used to the bumpy or unpaved roads that are not uncommon in Jamaica. And yet, for those who travel in a group, or would like to visit different places on the island and get to know it as much as possible, renting a car is perhaps the best choice. Traffic here is left-hand, like in Great Britain, and traffic lights are found infrequently and at a great distance from each other. The main thing is not to forget to pay attention to the cattle that move slowly along the country roads, often making it difficult to move.
In Jamaica, several companies offer car rental, and the best choice is, of course, in the major cities: Kingston, Montego Bay and Ocho Rios. The Ministry of Tourism of Jamaica has also prepared a detailed road map of the island, Discover Jamaica, which can usually be found at all car rental offices or tourist offices around the island.
To rent a car in Jamaica, you need to be over 25 years old, have the license of your country, and a valid credit card.
In high season, car rental prices can go up to 120 (USD) per day, including compulsory collision damage insurance. Prices drop significantly off-season, up to 35 (USD) per day.
If you plan to travel around Jamaica in a rented car, beware of locals offering to “guard” your car, ostensibly against vandals, for a fee. If you find yourself in such a situation, it is better to try to park in another place, because the alleged "watchman", if you refuse his services, he himself may well become this "vandal". Also, only travel with clearly identifiable taxis and do not contact drivers offering to show you the "real Jamaica".
Taxi
If you do decide to entrust driving to someone who thoroughly knows these places, then a taxi is a more suitable option. When choosing a taxi or minibus, look at those that meet the requirements of the Jamaican Union of Travelers Associations (JUTA); this means that the driver adheres to certain safety rules. To make sure that your driver belongs to this union, you can use the abbreviation "PP" or "PPV" (Public Passenger Vehicle - Public vehicle), which is located on the license plate. Uncertified or "pirate" taxis also offer their services, but tourists should hardly agree to them.
Taxis in Jamaica are paid not so much in terms of mileage as in terms of distance from place to place, so bargaining with the driver for the fare is an unwritten rule, especially if you are interested in using the services of a driver and as a tourist guide.
And yet, taxis remain the most popular means of transportation for tourists looking to get out of their resort and explore Jamaica. Moreover, using the services of someone who knows the area and the local rules and traditions of driving, you can relax and enjoy the ride.
Typical pay
Technically, almost all taxis in Jamaica are equipped with a taximeter, but drivers rarely use them - if not at all. And this means: before getting into a taxi, you need to agree with the driver how much he will take for the trip and in what currency you should pay him. And, here, just like in the market, start bargaining at half the price that the driver will tell you. Once you get a little familiar with the local traditions, communication with Jamaican taxi drivers will be much easier.
Taxi prices average around $ 20USD for every 10 miles - but will almost inevitably be higher if you use the taxi service attached to the hotel. However, having bargained with the taxi driver, you can then do without a tip or additional payment. Typically, prices rise by a quarter between midnight and 5 a.m.
Information about taxi in Jamaica cities
Taxi prices around the city in Negril are quite low - about 4-5 USD Do not settle for taxi drivers who charge too high a price.
Kingston: here they call the price not for the passenger, but for the car, and bargaining with the driver is an absolute must. As far as Kingtson is concerned, taxis are the most reliable form of transport in the city.
Montego Bay. Most taxis are concentrated along the city's main tourist boardwalk, Gloucester Avenue.
Port Antonio. Prices in the city are slightly higher here, about 15-20 USD. Often, the cars are also much older than in other cities in Jamaica.
It is not uncommon for those arriving in Jamaica to book a taxi in advance to get from the airport to their hotel. For those arriving for the first time on the island, this can be quite an expensive pleasure, so it is better to get acquainted with the order of prices in advance.
Check the information below to get a rough idea of how much you should pay for a taxi:
- Montego Bay Airport - Montego Bay Hotels: $ 35 (USD)
- Montego Bay Airport - Tyrol Hotels: $ 60 (USD)
- Montego Bay Airport - Runaway Bay Hotels: $ 115 (USD)
- Kingston Airport - Ocho Rios: $ 150 (USD)
- Kingston Airport - Negril: $ 275 (USD)
Rent a car with a driver
Travelers can also take taxis for walks and self-guided tours of the island. Prices for day tour taxis can fluctuate depending on time and distance. When planning your trip, make sure ahead of time that you have chosen a driver you trust. This also applies to licensed taxis at hotels and resorts.
On an island as large as Jamaica by Caribbean standards, hiring a car is perhaps the most efficient way to travel. Yes, the road conditions are far from ideal, and getting from place to place can seem like an adventure in itself. And yet, most tourists opt for a taxi, despite the prices.
Buses
As for travel by bus, it is undoubtedly the cheapest and most economical way to travel around the island - although hardly the most reliable and comfortable. Buses almost never stick to their timetables, especially in remote parts of the country, but fixed-route taxis that run through major cities can usually get around with the same ease as regular taxis.
You can make a choice in favor of a bus if you need the most economical option for traveling around the island and in its cities - but only if the timetable and "climate control" are not your priorities. Simply put, if you don't mind spending time waiting for the bus under the scorching sun. But for the traveler who is not averse to plunge into the exotic outside of his resort area, the bus is the ideal means of transportation.
Bus prices are exceptionally low, roughly $ 1 for every fifty miles, and around an average of $ 1.50 - $ 2.50 for the same distance in a minibus. Minibuses on Negril charge 2 USD all day and night.
However, after getting out of Kingston or any other major city, it can be difficult to catch a bus, because drivers decide at their own discretion when to go on the route. Buses and minibuses throughout the Caribbean are famous for the fact that there is no timetable for them, and Jamaica is no exception. But still, buses around the island run quite often - in addition, in Jamaica, it is customary to pick up passengers from the side of the road, and this is another "plus" for bus travel around the country.
In addition, the Jamaican bus is a cultural phenomenon in itself, sometimes no less interesting than city or natural attractions. Drivers only set off when their bus is already packed - and given the lack of air conditioning, you can be sure that you will get to know the local atmosphere in full.
Bus service is better in some regions than others. Here are some tips to help you navigate Jamaica:
- in Negril they run around the city route taxis from hotels and resorts, therefore the need for public transport small. Nevertheless, minibuses move along the Boulevard - the central street of the city - all day long.
- public transport in Montego Bay does not actually exist, but for the convenience of hotel visitors, a busy route is organized.
- traffic on the streets of Kingston is chaotic, including bus traffic. When deciding to use the Kingston buses, beware of pickpockets.
- in Port Antonio, it is customary to "vote" for a minibus to stop and pick up passengers. Transport usually stops not only at the designated stops.
Jamaican cuisine
Jamaican cuisine is a truly variegated mixture of recipes and traditions. Here you can find dishes that are traditional for all the Caribbean, as well as distinctive Jamaican food. Jamaican cuisine has a reputation for being spicy, but most restaurants still offer a more moderate menu. As in other Caribbean islands, the main islanders are barely rice and peas (which are often cooked here with coconut milk), and meat pies like empanadas, popular in Spanish-speaking countries. aki ”, which grows only in Jamaica - it looks like an omelet, but with its own unique taste. Another distinctive Jamaican dish is codfish, dried cod mixed with onions and tomatoes. They are cooked only in Jamaica - therefore, if you want, in the literal sense of the word, to learn the "taste of Jamaica", you should definitely try them.
Another local dish is bummy. Jamaicans believe that it was prepared by the Arawak Indians, the indigenous inhabitants of the island. These are flat, floured cassava tortillas commonly eaten for breakfast.
And of course, the main culinary feature of Jamaica is jerk. This is a kind of barbecue - meat cooked on charcoal, which is pre-marinated in the local spices "jerk". The most popular type of dish is chicken or pork jerk, although the truly famous, unique Jamaican jerk is made from goat meat. However, if you see fish or shellfish jerk on the restaurant menu, do not deny yourself the pleasure of trying it. It should also be remembered that Jamaicans prefer well-done meat, so it may seem a little dry to European taste.
Easier eateries - the so-called "jerk centers" - can be found throughout the island. From the very morning, smoke begins to rise over the braziers - and often just barrels -. Huge pieces of pork ribs and chickens are fried on coals made of clove wood (they give the meat a special taste). The buyer chooses ... pays ... A few strokes of the machete - and the meat is already cut into portions, which are then laid out on a piece of paper. Nobody especially "bothers" about hygiene issues. After all, the main thing is the unique Jamaican flavor!
There are also many eateries on the island that sell, especially takeaway, Chinese or Indian food - however, curries and jiaozi still have a specific Jamaican flavor.
The aital cuisine, which is adhered to by Rastafarians, adherents of Rastafarianism, the local Jamaican religion, stands apart. Rastamans follow strict food rules and prepare food without meat, salt or oil - but still delicious, thanks to the creativity of the chefs in the use of spices. Aital dishes are not often found on the menus of those restaurants frequented by tourists, and can only be found in special Rasta eateries on the island. However, if you wish and with the help of local guides, it is quite possible to visit the institution where these unique dishes are prepared.
Safety in Jamaica
Despite the fact that rumors of crime in Jamaica can reach tourists, vacationers on the island rarely come into contact with crime. As pointed out by the Jamaica Tourism Bureau, the likelihood of being robbed in New York is much higher than in Montego Bay - so don't let Jamaica's reputation prevent you from fully enjoying what this wonderful island has to offer.
In most cases, large hotels and resorts provide all the necessary security measures, so those who have made their choice in favor of large resort chains have nothing to worry about. If you are staying at a simpler hotel and are traveling on your own, you should be more careful about your safety, but not to such an extent that independent travel in Jamaica seemed impracticable or not worth the risk. In fact, Jamaica has a lot to offer its guests, so there is simply no point in sitting still - you need to pack up and hit the road to see everything for yourself!
There are certain precautions to take in particular when traveling to Jamaica, as tourists in cities - as in any large tourist city - are a popular target for a certain type of criminals. Pickpocketing and petty theft are quite common in crowded areas. This is especially true for crowded bus routes, and for street markets, which are almost always crowded. Be especially careful in such places, and do not lose sight of your surroundings in order to prevent such actions: keep wallets and bags in front of you, wallets in inner pockets of jackets or front pockets of trousers, handing large sums of money, do it discreetly. These few simple precautions can keep any traveler in a good mood. Also, try not to wear expensive clothes when going to public places, and do without expensive jewelry that attracts attention.
The most important rule for all occasions is to remember common sense and be attentive, not forgetting to look around. Just as you don't leave your bag on a bench in any major city in the world, don't do it in Jamaica.
In fact, the main inconvenience that can be encountered in Jamaica and which can create problems is not so much street crime as the intrusiveness and intrusiveness of traders, and not only traders. However, if for some tourists the opportunity to bargain in street shops is entertainment in itself, to others it may seem an annoying hindrance. You need to be firm, and in most cases you will be left alone. You should be aware of the local specifics when faced with beggars or annoying barkers: the European way of just walking by and pretending that this does not apply to you is hardly the best solution. Otherwise, the beggar may follow you, shower with offensive words. Better to say firmly, "I am not interested", or just gesture to make it clear that the offer did not interest you - and you will be left alone. If possible, try not to enter areas where only local population- and even more so, do not agree to the offers to "see the real Jamaica", to conduct a tour of the place, to watch something, to conduct, to show, etc.
Also beware of the marijuana sellers, or "ganja" as it is called here. Although smoking marijuana is common in Jamaica, it is still illegal.
Tap water in Jamaica is of acceptable quality, but chlorinated, so bottled water is recommended for drinking.
Medical service
Medical care in Jamaica is quite expensive, so it doesn't hurt to get travel insurance before heading to the island. At your hotel or resort, be sure to seek medical advice, dentist or physician advice. As a rule, most hotels invite doctors and dentists on call, so for non-urgent situations, you can inquire at the reception before heading to the hospital. If you need immediate medical attention, then there are 16 public hospitals at your service, or 6 private clinics in Jamaica.
Below is a list of hospitals, their locations and telephone numbers, in case of need:
- University Hospital of the West indies- Mona, Kingston, 876-927-1620
- St. Ann’sBayHospital - St. Ann's Bay, 876-794-8565
- Port Antonio Hospital - Naylor's Hill, Port Antonio, 876-715-5778
- Mo Bay Hope Medical Center - Half Moon Resort, Montego Bay, 876-953-3981
- Cornwall Regional Hospital - Mt. Salem, Montego Bay, 876-952-5100
To call an ambulance dial 110
Holidays in Jamaica will cost an average of about $ 300 (USD) per day if you plan to stay in an all-inclusive mega resort: as a rule, in this case, the price includes not only the room itself, but also food, excursions and entertainment as well as security. Of course, you can stay in Jamaica for a much lower fee, but on average, you should focus on the price of $ 80 (USD), regardless of the region of the country.
As a rule, these are guest houses located in the tourist areas of Montego Bay or Negril, although not in the very center. The hosts are almost always a family that rents out rooms. Remember that in Jamaica, you almost always get what you pay for, so you should carefully read the terms and conditions of the hotel or guest house you want to stay in before making your final decision. Bargaining is possible in almost all such places on the island, especially during the off-season.
If your vacation in Jamaica will not be in an all-inclusive hotel, then the daily expenses can be reduced to a minimum of $ 30 (USD), but still the amount of $ 40 - 60 USD looks more realistic.
Let's say, in a restaurant, you can spend from $ 8 to $ 30 (USD), or a little more, depending on the class of the institution. But despite the prices and style differences, tune in to spend at least $ 30 (USD) per day on food. Some hotels offer discounts to guests who will be eating at the hotel restaurants, so it is a good idea to inquire at the reception for possible discounts and special offers.
Don't forget to bring your personal hygiene items, sunscreen and sunglasses - purchased locally, these will cost at least 20 percent more, if not more. Do not forget to bring the necessary set of medicines with you, as well as the prescription for them if you have any questions at the customs.
The electrical voltage in the network in Jamaica is 110 volts, and the sockets are "American", for plugs with two flat pins. Hotels usually offer adapters, but if you are planning an independent trip around the island, it will not hurt to stock up on adapters in advance.
