It is clear that the number of accidents on highways is much higher. So, according to official statistics, only in the first half of the year on the territory Russian Federation there were 62,984 registered road traffic accidents, that is, approximately 346 accidents per day.
As for the railway transport, the statistics are less deplorable, but the indicators are far from the aviation ones. So, only on Gorkovskaya railroad in 2013, there were 17 accidents in which 12 people died. Unfortunately, there is no general statistics on railway accidents around the world as a whole, but in some countries, for example, in India, the situation is much worse than in Russia, so it becomes clear that the number of accidents in absolute terms in air transport is much lower than the same indicator on highways or railways.
When analyzing disasters, of course, it is worth considering the widespread prevalence of cars. But the number of flights per day is quite comparable to the number of trains departing from the railway stations every day.
The severity of the consequences of the disaster on different types of transport
As a rule, there are no survivors. However, the same dry statistics suggests that this statement is not entirely true. In 2013, out of 827 people on crashed planes, 311 died. In six months, 7,801 people died in road accidents in Russia and another 80,330 were injured.As for railway transport, there is a high mortality rate in road traffic accidents at the level crossing, but in most incidents during the movement of the train, people receive moderate injuries and bruises.
About half of the plane crashes occur during the landing of the aircraft on the ground. Interestingly, the cause of about the same proportion of accidents is fatal pilot error.
What type of transport is the least dangerous
Insurance companies help to understand which type of transport is the least safe, because they constantly study the statistics of accidents on land, in the air and at sea. It is interesting that the lowest rates for insurance of goods transported by sea and air transport, that is, the probability of an unfavorable outcome is considered by insurers here as lower.As for the passengers, they are insured at a lower percentage for rail transportation and during the flight by plane. And trips to land transport(personal and public) are considered the most risky of all possible types of travel.
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Every day, millions of people learn from the news feed about car accidents, derailed trains, crashed planes and other accidents that end in a great number of deaths. The question arises, how to protect yourself from trouble and what kind of transport is the safest? In order not to indulge in fear, we present to your attention a list of the safest transport in the world, according to statistical reports of this year.
This type of transport, justifiably, is considered the most dangerous in the world. This is also confirmed by statistics - 125 deaths per 1.5 billion kilometers. Anyone who prefers this type of vehicle is seriously putting themselves in danger, and very deliberately. Motorcyclists make up only 1% of the total traffic on the highway, but a fifth of all accidents fall on this type of transport. Motorists have given motorcyclists the nickname "crunches" for a reason. The reason for this was a very low percentage of passive safety, huge acceleration, tremendous speed of movement and aspects related to psychology: love for extreme sports and adrenaline rushes in the body. Motorcyclists often find themselves in the “blind spot” for cars because they are so small.
According to statistical reports, there are 35 deaths for every 1.5 billion kilometers. This is the most environmentally friendly transport, but at the same time one of the most unsafe. But truth be told, car drivers are more to blame for road accidents than cyclists themselves. It often happens that the car has only a few scratches, but the cyclist, along with his transport, is between life and death.
The statistics in this case give figures of 25 dead people per 1.5 billion kilometers. The most dangerous incidents that happen in the metro are fire, crush, train collisions. A large number of people in a small enclosed space - panic and a huge percentage of victims. In the Russian Federation, the leader in such incidents is the Moscow Metro.
Traveling by water has always been very risky. Of course, over many centuries of technological development, now water transport has become much safer, but nevertheless, there are 20 deaths for every 1.5 billion kilometers. Although the main cause of death is not collisions with other ships, but the fall of passengers overboard.
Here the statistics give such figures - 7 deaths per 1.5 billion kilometers. The danger of flying in outer space cannot be compared with that of the earth - traveling in space is 17 times safer than riding a motorcycle. During the entire time of travel in Space, only three vehicles did not return to Earth (the only thing that negatively affects the statistical reports is the explosions during takeoffs of spaceships).
Minibus rides suggest 5 deaths per 1.5 billion kilometers. This is one of the most popular types transport among the population. To protect yourself in a minibus, it is best to take a place in the middle. Here the size of the car, stable grip and passive safety will already play. Unfortunately, the main cause of accidents is the low skill level of drivers.
Here the extras cite the following figures - 4 deaths per 1.5 billion kilometers. The development of technology has also affected machines, now passive and active safety is on a completely different level. Unfortunately, motorists are the most dependent on other road users. You can be the most skillful and careful driver in the world, but this still does not insure that someone might bump into you and, as a result, you will end up in a clinic or even worse.
In third place in the ranking were buses, statistics cite data in one fatality per 1.5 billion kilometers. If you want to travel safely, then this transport is for you. Sometimes it turns out that the bus route has more than one thousand kilometers (for example, in Australia, a bus that travels on the Perth-Brisbane route travels 5455 kilometers). But it is still safe to travel by bus.
The train is one of the safest modes of transport. Just think about it - only 0.2 fatalities per 1.5 billion kilometers of road. The railroad in America and Europe is the safest in the world. In Russia, things are going a little worse - 0.7 fatalities on the same piece of road. If we calculate the probability of death on the train, it will be 1 to the 431800 power (approximately 0.0002%). The resource Investopedia cites data that says that the probability of dying in a car accident is 1000 times more than a railway one.
Paradoxically for many, airplanes are the safest transport in the world. The probability that you will die during a flight on an airplane is 1: 8,000,000. The problem is that although airplanes fall very rarely, it always entails a large number of victims. Therefore, the media always cover such incidents, and psychologically people begin to be afraid of flying by plane. There are 0.5 deaths per 1.5 billion kilometers. The Aviation Safety Agency claims that a person will die in a car accident with a probability of 1 in 8 million. And self-destructive individuals need to take a ticket every day for a random flight, for 21 thousand years, in order to fulfill their plans.
Road deaths are one of the main problems modern world... Many people wonder what kind of transport is considered reliable. And opinions differ even among those involved in professional statistics and valuation.
First, for the construction of statistics, researchers do not agree on what criteria to use. For example, if we take as a basis the distance traveled and the amount dead people, then spaceships will be a reliable mode of transport. In the entire history of interplanetary flights, there have been 3 fatal accidents. The kilometers traveled by them are difficult to calculate, they are so colossal.
Secondly, objective indicators are needed. For air, sea and rail transport, it is easy to take into account mortality data. And if he talks about passenger transport, then he will have to operate with approximate information. And even more so it is impossible to talk about the exact mileage.
Fear of flying affects 30% of the world's population. Naturally, if you cite statistical data, then the "chance" to break into air transport a thousand times less than in a minibus. Phobias and fears clearly show how people's emotions prevail over the real state of affairs. According to a sociological survey, the train was recognized as the most reliable transport, followed by a car. But the plane is considered unsafe. Mortality statistics say the opposite.
Safe modes of transport rating
This list is compiled from the latest data for 2018. For the assessment, information from the National Union of Insurers was used, as well as information from Rosstat.
The safest form of transport. Tragedies in the air claim a large number of lives, in connection with which the disturbing opinions of people are connected. In addition, the interviewed aerophobes confirm that the main fear is associated with the fact that in the event of a catastrophe, the chance of survival will be zero.
Afraid to fly?
Yes, I'm afraidThere is nothing wrong
Cars, buses are not scary for a person, because he is faced with this kind of movement every day. In fact, this is a kind of myth. Airplanes are designed by professionals, so just to fall from a height of ten thousand kilometers, you need to work hard.
Interesting!
According to statistics from the United States, 500 incidents have occurred over the past 20 years. Only 5% of people did not survive from the number of people who were at the time of the accident.
If we analyze serious shipwrecks, then 50% of the passengers survive. In numbers, the "chance" of being in a catastrophe and dying is 1: 11,000,000. If we compare it with the risk of death from a lightning strike, then it is 17 times higher than death in an airplane crash.
The second place in the rating was taken by a leisurely tram. According to statistics of 2018, 0.04 of injuries were observed for one million people who used urban transport services. The tram moves at a low speed, does not encounter traffic jams, and, remarkably, is environmentally friendly.
Unfortunately, over the past year the tram service has decreased by 35%. Small towns with local budgets cannot fully provide and maintain power lines. In connection with the increase in electricity tariffs, the prices for travel tickets are also growing. People are gradually switching to other types of transport. One of the safest ways to travel on the ground, is slowly being pushed out of cities.
Trolleybus
The specificity of the trolleybus is that it does not move at high speed. And also in large volume and mass. If an accident occurs, the collision vehicle will be more affected. Trolleybus passengers will get maximum bruises and bruises. Of course, one cannot ignore collisions with trucks, where fatalities can also occur. According to NSS statistics, 0.09 people were injured per 1 million passengers using the trolleybus services;
According to a survey of the population, the train is considered the safest mode of transport. Why is that? Injuries occur in 0.17 per 1 million passengers. It is worth noting that we are talking about world statistics, and not only about long-distance intercity trains, but also about commuter trains.
As for Russia, in 2018 there were seven accidents on the railway, 1 person died. Despite the length of the journey, more and more people are choosing the train, neglecting air transport. Experts attribute this to both aerophobia and budget prices. Global statistics are spoiled African countries, because there is a very specific concept of safety.
It is associated with conflicting information coming from opinion polls. Some are afraid of open water, others cannot swim at all and for them being in the middle of a large body of water is stressful.
Statistical information reveals several causes of water tragedies:
- Fires due to faulty electrical wiring;
- Accidents related to the water element;
- Failure to comply with safety regulations on board.
Interesting!
According to statistics, there are 2.3 accidents per 1 million passengers. In Russia, the situation with the internal fleet is deplorable. Many ships and boats have crossed the 40-year mark.
Unsafe transport
If we talk about the specifics of this rating, then the bus is considered unsafe. So, for 1 million passengers in 2018, 2.84 people were injured. Intercity flights are unreliable compared to domestic ones. The explanation is simple. Firstly, the bus develops high speed on the track.
But due to the overall dimensions, the ability to maneuver in a dangerous situation is many times lower than that of a passenger car. Secondly, long transportation, especially at night, is associated with a human factor. The banal "fell asleep at the wheel" is heard more and more often. Until now, despite the legislation, few passengers wear a seat belt. This leads to major accidents and many casualties.
If we talk about 2018, more than 600 people died on intercity bus routes, and almost 14 thousand were injured.
Route taxis
It should be noted right away that it is impossible to build statistics on the number of passengers, since such data are not recorded anywhere.
High trauma in minibuses is associated with:
- With no retained devices;
- Professional "burnout" of drivers who spend most of their lives behind the wheel;
- Insufficient concentration behind the road due to the need to accept payment from passengers;
- Poor quality road surface.
Not every air transport is safe. Especially when it comes to private helicopter transfers. The vulnerability of the structure, the lack of professionalism of the captain, a sharp deterioration in weather conditions - all these factors directly indicate that the helicopter poses a direct danger in terms of mortality. So, for 1 million passengers, there are 10 deaths. A special category is flights to hard-to-reach places where it is impossible to get by alternative transport. Unequipped helicopter landing site often leads to crashes;
Almost every family has such a dangerous form of transport. And this causes a stable alarming situation on the roads and in megalopolises and in small towns. Complicated statistical calculations state that 6 people are killed per 1.6 billion kilometers. The reasons that lead to such disastrous results can be listed for a long time. Of course, most of them are related to the human factor.
Banal non-observance of traffic rules, alcohol driving are popular among them. It is impossible not to say about bad roads, unpreparedness of utilities for climatic phenomena. And of course, the quality of cars, especially in Russia, leaves much to be desired. These factors indicate that it is unlikely that road transport will become more reliable in the coming years, especially in Russia;
Motorcycles, mopeds, bicycles
There are terrible statistics for this type of transport - more than 200 deaths per 1.6 billion kilometers traveled. Should I focus on the fact that the two-wheeled vehicle is especially vulnerable and any accident ends with at least injury. Some drivers go against the idea of wearing protective gear. Although in the fall, having a helmet saved many lives. The high speed of motorcycles in 90% of collisions is fatal.
Finally
Summing up, no mode of transport can be called completely reliable. Even in the case of space flights, there are fixed deaths... But often the person himself becomes the cause of accidents. Failure to comply with traffic rules, safety precautions, alcohol consumption, drunk driving - these factors are paramount. The deterioration of the situation on the roads is also associated with the fact that every year there are more car owners. The congestion of roads and highways entails an increased emergency hazard.
Video in the topic
Every day from the news, a stream of negative information falls on us: plane crashes, train crashes, massive road accidents. When going on a long trip, a person involuntarily thinks: what is the safest form of transport according to statistics and how to insure himself against an accident. Opinion polls show that people panic before flying, but boldly get on buses and personal cars.
General characteristics of all modes of transport
Water transport
Water transport is designed to transport people and goods along rivers, canals, lakes. With the development of aviation, transcontinental transportation came to naught. From river floating facilities, trams are relevant, cruise ships and ferries. They run between settlements or shores according to the established route and schedule. The ferry is used to transport a large number of people, goods, vehicles.
Land transport
Rail (rail) transport is represented by long-distance and suburban trains. A passenger train is a reliable and comfortable way to travel from one settlement in the other, in a relatively short period of time.
Trains attract passengers with affordable ticket prices, run at any time of the year and day, regardless of weather conditions. The disadvantage is the cessation of the construction of new railway lines due to the high competition with buses and private cars.
Wheeled transport
Buses, route taxis and minibuses. Used to transport people over various distances. The advantages are affordable ticket prices and relatively high speed. Disadvantages - dependence on weather conditions.
Air Transport
The technical progress of the twentieth century did not bypass aviation. Today, the air route is developing dynamically, thousands of domestic and international flights are carried out every day in the world. The peculiarities of air transport are good maneuverability, large territorial coverage.
The main advantage is high speed. Once on a plane in Moscow, in a few hours you can admire the sunset in the tropics.
To the disadvantages modern aviation can be attributed to the high cost of tickets and dependence on weather conditions. The problem is especially noticeable in winter - massive flight delays, airports crowded with passengers.
Incident statistics
Official figures on mortality differ from the perception of ordinary citizens. The latter believe that movement by land transport carries minimal risk.
World statistics use different methods to calculate the death toll in traffic accidents. The most popular is the number of deaths per 160 million km.
Buses and cars
Familiar and comfortable buses, minibuses and cars are the most dangerous transport. Only a motorcycle or a bicycle will compete. More than 10 people are killed on the roads of Russia every day, and even more victims are seriously injured.
Frequent causes of road accidents are speeding, overtaking attempts, weather conditions, car malfunction. In second place is the human factor: drunk driving, lack of sleep, distraction by conversations, music, snacking.
According to a statistical study, the number of road accidents differs significantly by region. This is due to the unsatisfactory condition of the highways, the lack of normal lighting at night.
Mortality rate per road transport is 1.6 people per 160 million km when traveling on passenger buses. Among cars, the figure is higher - 3.1 people per 160 million km. Over a million people die in road accidents every year. This is significantly higher than on a train, plane or boat. In 2016, car accidents took more than 20,000 lives.
Railway
Rail transport is considered the most reliable and safest of land vehicles. According to mortality statistics, there are 0.9 passengers per 160 million km - less than one person. It is not surprising that, according to statistics, the Russian Federation also has the lowest mortality rate in railway transport.
Taking into account the speed modern trains this is a good indicator. Most of the crashes are associated with a defect in the railway track, a malfunction of the rolling stock, and a violation of safety at level crossings.
For 2014-2016, 40 major disasters, about 100 dead and over 1000 injured. Rosstat from 2014 to 2015 has about 20 deaths due to the tragedy on the railway. This is 16% higher than in 2013.
Water transport
Since ancient times, water has taken away human lives as travel charges. Modern ferries, trams and motor ships guarantee the relative safety of passengers. The cause of the crash is often weather conditions - storm, fog, hurricanes, icebergs. The statistics are disappointing: 2.6 people per 160 million km.
Note! Half of all waterborne deaths are caused by falls overboard due to safety violations.
The statistics of deaths on water are spoiled by cases in the waters of Africa and Asia. Ships overcrowded with refugees and illegal migrants head to the shores neighboring countries in search of a better life. Safety in such cases is in the last place.
Air traffic
Of all the above, the safest form of transport is the plane. The mortality rate is 0.5 people per 160 ml km. The chances of becoming a victim of a plane crash are equal to 1: 8,000,000. It turns out that the probability of death is higher on the way to the airport than in the sky.
Attention! People give a lot of importance to plane crashes, losing confidence in aviation. In fact, when a plane crashes, we are told about it daily from TV screens and newspaper pages for 1-2 weeks. As a result - negative emotions and fear of flying.
In 2017, there are 15 plane crashes, most of them related to cargo planes. The death toll was 22 people. This is a record low figure, hundreds of times lower than victims of road tragedies.
In the event of a plane crash, the insurance company is obliged to pay a large sum to the families of the victims. If plane crashes happened frequently, insurers would have gone bankrupt long ago. A powerful argument in favor of the aircraft.
The statistics classifies land vehicles as the most dangerous type of transport. But you can insure yourself by increasing the chance of salvation in the event of a tragedy.
When driving a car, the back seat behind the driver's seat is considered safe. When a collision is threatened, the driver will instinctively try to turn the car in the opposite direction in order to deflect the blow away from him.
Note! In buses and minibuses, seats in the middle of the passenger compartment are considered safe.
When traveling by train, it is recommended to purchase tickets for medium carriages. In the event of a collision, the main impact falls on the locomotive and the first carriages. When derailed, the last carriages often overturn, the chances of injury or death increase. It is always best to choose seats with your back to traffic. This will help prevent injury during emergency braking.
When traveling on water, it is important to know the location life jackets... It is highly recommended to find a fast way from the cabin to the deck so that in the event of an emergency you do not panic and prepare for the evacuation promptly.
It sounds strange, but there are also seats on the plane that increase the chances of escape. This is the tail section of the plane. Not everyone is comfortable there because of the noise, but when falling, the first and strongest blow falls on the bow. World Stats data recorded cases of surviving a plane crash.
Interesting: most of the survivors during the flight took seats in the back rows.
The safest mode of transport is the plane. Every minute thousands of liners take to the skies in the world. Considering the aircraft's capacity of 200-300 people, a significant part of the world's population is in flight. In the event of frequent crashes, the Earth would be empty. One plane crash occurs in every millionth flight involving cargo and military aircraft.
Speed is an important factor. The plane covers 160 million km faster than a train or a bus. Hence the conclusion: for long distances it is better to choose a flight, because the mortality rate is the lowest (0.5 people).
- Airplane - 0.5.
- Train - 0.9.
- Buses, minibuses, route taxis - 1.6.
- Water transport - 2.6.
- Personal car - 3.1.
The above studies are just a dry ranking based on statistical research. Transport itself is a high-risk area. Choosing one or another type of movement, you can only partially prepare and protect yourself.
The National Union of Liability Insurers has compiled a rating of passenger transport accidents in Russia. For the analysis, the statistics of compulsory liability insurance of carriers, which has been operating in our country for five years, was used. Svetlana Gusar, vice-president of the National Union of Liability Insurers, told RG about the details.
Aloha Airlines' Boeing 737 was able to land in 1988 after part of its skin was torn off at an altitude of more than 7 kilometers. Then only one person on board died. Photo: AP Archive
Svetlana Viktorovna, what type of transport in Russia is the most dangerous for passengers today, if you focus on the data of your statistics and how did you make the calculations?
Svetlana Gusar: During the work of the law on compulsory insurance of carrier liability, we have managed to accumulate a large amount of data. It allows you to speak confidently about many indicators. In order to assess such a parameter as the accident rate, we calculated the number of injured out of 10 million passengers carried by each type of transport. So far, water transport is in the first place. With a relatively small number of passengers carried by this type of transport, the number of victims is the most impressive - 120 people per 10 million. This indicator is the result of several major accidents that have recently occurred on the water. They have had a major impact on statistics.
Air transport is in second place in this rating. Here it is necessary to clarify that we are talking mainly about helicopters. Airplanes mainly operate flights not only within the country, but also abroad, so airlines are exempted from the need to insure their passengers under the Russian law on carrier liability. They are allowed to buy an international policy that complies with the requirements of international law. So, in the segment of helicopter transportation, there are 30 injured per 10 million passengers transported.
If you look at the death toll, not the wounded, the picture is somewhat different. In the first place will be air transport, where the highest death rate - 23 people per 10 million passengers. Water - on the second. They are followed by automobile passenger transportation, and it is in the segment of intercity, not urban transportation.
How can this be explained?
Svetlana Gusar: I think, mostly at high speeds: you can't drive much in a city. Moreover, there is also a seasonal factor. In summer, there are more accidents with injured vehicles. It would seem that it should be the other way around: in winter, both the weather conditions and the road are worse. But there are more accidents in the summer: drivers relax, they often violate the speed limit. In addition, the intensity of traffic increases sharply with the beginning of holidays, and higher speeds in the summer, which are provided by good road conditions, unfortunately, lead to more severe accidents.
The largest number of injured passengers - on water transport... Helicopters come second
We are also monitoring such an indicator as the average number of victims in one accident. And here the inland water transport is also in the lead. In second place is intercity bus transportation. In water transport, the average number of victims in one accident is 11 people, in the intercity segment - 2.5 people.
Svetlana Gusar: Trams and commuter trains- these are two main categories, where 10 million passengers have the lowest rates for deaths and injuries.
What is the average payout to passengers injured in an accident on a particular type of transport?
Svetlana Gusar: The main part of payments for this type of insurance is made for harm caused to the life and health of the passenger. The payment for the deceased is 2 million 25 thousand rubles. In terms of health, if we look at all types of transport in general, the average payment, as we say, "with bruises" (minor bruises, for which the law requires a minimum compensation of 1 thousand rubles. - Ed.) Is about 183.5 thousand rubles. Without "bruises" the average payment is about 246 thousand rubles.
The indicator is quite different depending on the mode of transport. The largest payments for harm caused to health are in air transport - for passengers such accidents always result in the most serious injuries, and often even lead to death.
Are all passengers insured today?
Svetlana Gusar: Insurance under the compulsory carrier liability law covers almost all types of passenger transport. The only exception today is a passenger taxi. The subway has a special status. He is not obliged to insure his liability to passengers, but due to the fact that enterprises are solvent - there are only seven of them in the country, citizens affected by an accident in the metro have the right to receive compensation directly from the metro in the same amount as passengers other types of transport. In general, coverage for all traffic segments varies from 85 to 90 percent. This allows us to speak about a high degree of passenger security. A five-year analysis of the work of the law showed that this is a really working type of insurance, within the framework of which 4.3 billion rubles have already been paid.
Trams and commuter trains have the lowest rates of fatalities and injuries
This is also a certain milestone in Russian legislation, since for the first time in the history of Russia, at the level of compulsory insurance, fixed amounts of insurance payments for harm to the health of victims were introduced, which are determined not by the actual costs of treatment incurred by a person, but only by the degree of harm caused. These payments are usually much higher. It is also important to note that the basis for calculating such payments from the very beginning was fixed at a very high level - 2 million rubles. For example, if we compare with the possible payments to the victim under the OSAGO, the payments for passengers are four times higher. Imagine, for the same injury, a person, being a passenger on a bus or a pedestrian, will receive two different payments, the amount of which is four times different!
Perhaps it would be worth bringing payments for all types of insurance to a single denominator.
Svetlana Gusar: We know that the Ministry of Finance has a unification in its plans. But any increase in payment limits rests on an increase in the cost of insurance. And if now we simply raise the limit to 2 million for OSAGO, this will definitely significantly affect the tariff policy. This is now a deterrent. Therefore, the state is taking very cautious progressive steps in terms of increasing the limits.
By the way, another plus of the law on the liability of carriers is that payments under it do not have a statute of limitations. Even if the person did not exercise their right to compensation immediately after the accident, they can later apply for payment. We have events that are announced three or four years later, simply because people either did not know, or were engaged in restoring their health, and they had no time to escape to insurance companies. There are not very many of them, but nevertheless they are.
The average time from the date of the incident to the day of filing an application for compensation is now 148 days. From the date of the event to the date of payment - 178 days - this includes the period for the provision of missing documents and the solution of other issues that arise in the process of settlement of the loss.
It is worth remembering that the accident in transport, as a result of which the passenger was injured, must be documented - this is necessary in order to receive compensation. Since most incidents on passenger transport- this is an accident involving buses, then the main documents confirming the fact and circumstances of the harm caused are the documents of the traffic police. Also, such a document for any type of transport may be an act, which, in accordance with a recent order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia, after each incident, the carrier must draw up itself.
If the insurance company has lost its license, who pays compensation to the passengers injured in the accident?
Svetlana Gusar: For this, there is an NCCO and a compensation fund - a mandatory attribute of all laws on compulsory liability insurance. It is formed from deductions from insurance companies. According to the law on compulsory insurance of carriers' liability, three rubles from every hundred rubles goes to the compensation fund.
Fortunately, not many companies are shutting down in our country. And all recent cases of leaving the market come with the transfer of the insurance portfolio. In this case, the contracts concluded by the insurer leaving the market are transferred to the service of another insurance company and do not disappear anywhere. The new insurer assumes responsibility and makes payments in accordance with the terms of the accepted insurance contract, without using the funds of the compensation fund.
The cruise superliner MSC Splendida has arrived at the Vladivostok Marine Terminal. There are 4 thousand people on board. According to international law, all of them must be insured. Photo: RIA News
If the portfolio was not transferred, then the NSSO is responsible for all the obligations of such negligent insurers to the victims, making compensation payments.
Carrier liability insurance is going to be extended to taxis. What is the cost of insurance for taxi drivers?
Svetlana Gusar: The State Duma may consider a bill on insurance of taxi passengers during the autumn session of 2018. The amendments provide in any case for a transitional period of one year. During this time, tariffs will be developed, and taxi drivers themselves will be able to prepare for the new rules. So the bill will enter into force no earlier than the end of 2019.
According to preliminary estimates, the cost of an insurance contract for one car can be about 3-5 thousand rubles per year. This will add no more than 3 rubles to the cost of one trip.
But taxi drivers still complain that they have difficulties with concluding agreements on OSAGO with a special label. Allegedly, because of the high accident rate of this type of transport, insurers do not want to work with taxi drivers. Will this problem also arise within the framework of the carrier liability law?
Svetlana Gusar: The problem of the availability of compulsory motor third party liability insurance exists not only for taxis. It is conditioned by the only factor - tariff setting. According to statistics, the frequency of accidents in the taxi segment is actually three times higher than in the case of conventional cars. But in fact, this does not mean anything. Let me explain why. An ordinary person drives his car for an hour in the morning and an hour in the evening. Taxi drivers actually drive 20 hours - this is the average operating time of a taxi car per day. They drive 10 times more, but their accident rate is only three times higher than that of ordinary motorists. It is clear that this high accident rate is due only to the intensity of vehicle use. If you were an insurer and understood that your taxi payments exceed your fees, you would also try to somehow limit the influx of taxi clients. This is the only reason for the problem with the conclusion of agreements on compulsory motor third party liability insurance.
As for the availability of carrier liability insurance, I have never heard that someone could not buy insurance - we have no such complaints in the association. The point is that for OSAGO 90 percent of payments, if not more, are payments "for iron". According to the law on the liability of carriers, 97 percent of payments are compensations for harm to life and health. At the same time, fortunately, there are significantly fewer accidents with the dead and wounded than the facts of causing harm to the "gland". In addition, the cost of restoring a car depends on inflation, on the dollar exchange rate. "Hardware" is tied, unfortunately, to the need to purchase spare parts, the cost of which is also very much dependent on the factors mentioned. Payments under the law on insurance of liability of carriers to passengers exist regardless of this dependence. Therefore, there are no problems with the conclusion of contracts for this type of insurance, and in the future they are also unlikely to arise.
Help "RG"
The law on compulsory insurance of civil liability of carriers to passengers for harm to life, health and property has been in effect in Russia since 2013. Its requirements apply to almost all types of transport, including bus and trolleybus transportation. Taxis were not included in the law at the stage of its development and approval due to the fact that this market was not regulated at that time.
The maximum payment for damage to life and health under the law on the liability of carriers reaches two million rubles. Compensation for damage caused to luggage is also provided for within 23 thousand rubles. The protection of passenger taxi passengers is now provided within the framework of OSAGO with a special mark, according to which the maximum payment for harm to life and health does not exceed 500 thousand rubles.
