Arab peoples in Africa. Who are the Arabs

Jews and Christians had a strict ban on riding horses and camels, it was forbidden to build churches and synagogues taller than mosques, to drink wine in public and openly pray aloud in front of Muslims. Another significant obstacle was the wear and tear of the distinctive brand of clothing, the significant duty to show respect for Muslims, and finally Jimmy was not allowed to testify during the Muslim trial. So brief and hesitant about the main myths regarding the relationship between Muslims and Jews, respectively. on the contrary, and the relevant facts.

Note. Seeds can be written in Czech with a capital and small initial letter, depending on whether they are used as language or racial labels. Lately, especially in connection with the self-proclaimed Islamic state, Kurds often speak. Kurds can hardly be characterized by one universal definition. They live in vast territories: part of northern Syria, part of southeastern Turkey and Armenia. They also inhabit northwestern Iran and northern Iraq.

Kurds speak several different dialects and languages. Most Kurds, especially in Syria and Turkey, speak Kurdish. Kurds in Iraq and Iran speak the language of sorrow. This, in contrast to the Kurdangs using Latin influenced by Turkey, is written Arabic letters... They even differ greatly from each other in that the Kurds do not understand each other.

In addition, many other religious and ethnic groups live in the territory in which they live. No part is clearly Kurdish, with the exception of a few isolated valleys in the mountains. Over time, the community was divided into separate tribes and clans, families that engaged in alliances, but also fought with each other. They were also associated with the powers that dominated the area.

Today the Kurds are consolidating their self-determination. They are a diverse nation if we consider them a nation. They are said to be the largest nation in the world without a state of their own. For the Kurds, about 40 million people are named today. But the fact that they don't have any fortune only applies in a certain sense - Kurdistan in northern Iraq today enjoys a degree of autonomy that an individual state can basically say. And the Syrian Rochava already has many features of the state.

You said that the Kurds are a heterogeneous nation with subtle identities. How do they perceive themselves? They considered themselves Kurds, but they also emphasized where they came from. Iraqi Kurdistan dominates two political parties that have led to civil war in the 1990s.

The president of all of Iraq is also a Kurd after the agreement to overthrow the Hussein regime. The entire Kurdistan Region is very ethnically and religiously diverse. Kurds are a diverse group that consolidates their identity. How do they get together? Iraqi Kurdistan is a formally secular state, so freedom of religion is guaranteed by law. Traditionally, however, Islam has had some power. Among the Kurds, there is nowadays pushing the record of fashion into Zoroastrianism, because in ancient times it was the religion of the prophet Zarathustra widespread among the Kurds.

Most Kurds, however, are traditionally Sunni Muslims, even in Shia-dominated countries. However, for the Kurds, Islam in most cases is not a political ideology, but rather is considered a belief in family tradition... As for the current situation, they live together and side by side without problems. The only exception is relations between Kurds and Arabs, because there is something like anti-Arab racism in the Kurds. If anyone is currently being attacked and marginalized, they are Arabs.

Kurdish authorities do not allow Arabs to travel to Kurdistan; Kurdish patrols pull them out of buses based on the shape of their faces. Their hatred in Iraqi Kurdistan is great. His goal was to exterminate the Kurds. The armed forces of his regime, almost exclusively Sunni Arabs, have killed about two hundred thousand Kurds over the course of several years. They burned and destroyed several thousand villages. Therefore, many Kurds have a hatred of Arabs in their own roots. Moreover, only Kurds and other minorities lived in Iraqi Kurdistan.

However, with the arrival of Das, about one and a half million people fled to Kurdistan and were mostly Arabs. Many refugees live in camps, those who have money rent houses. The passions of passion are cases when, for example, it turns out that the relatives of one of the fugitive Arab families are serving in parts of Daes.

The situation is not at all easy and difficult. As already mentioned, Saddam Hussein gives preference to the Arabs of the Sunite religion. In addition to the Kurds, he also acted brutally against the Shia believers during his reign. After his overthrow, power fell into the hands of the Shiites, who punished the Sunni population.

And so Dave came, who again began to build a Sunni state, rebuilding dilapidated schools, distributing identity cards. He just laid down solid rules and people suddenly took back what they had lost. And now the offensive of al-Hasda al-Shabi, which is an Iraqi state supported by a predominantly Shiite militia war against Das, is taking over the cities originally occupied by Das. But the inhabitants of these cities are mostly Sunnis. For many of these tribes, Daes was much better than the current Shiites, preferring the Iraqi government, which very often oppressed Daes.

And Al-Hashd al-Shabi is not much better than Deis when seen from outside. They torture people, publicly execute them. This is another reason why civilians, mostly Sunni Arabs, are fleeing and fleeing directly to Kurdistan in Iraq. In this case, they are not launched before Das, but before Al-Has al-Shabi.

Kurdish village destroyed by Turkish bombs. How is it even possible that such a large nation lives on the territory of so many states: in Iraq, Iran, Syria, Turkey, as well as in Armenia? When the First World War was divided, France, the United Kingdom, the new borders of Turkey and Iran were literally drawn. Today's Iraq was under the control of the French in the United Kingdom and Syria. The shape of today's borders is the result of negotiations between the authorities that won the First world war.

The Kurds ended up in five states. With Turkey, Syria and Iraq, the Kurds are the largest ethnic minority, while Iran has eight million. Each of these four states subordinates its rights to one degree or another. At the same time, visible revolutionary sentiments are present in all countries where Kurds live.

What is the relationship between individual Kurdish groups? Are they trying to band together and fight together? Kurds in Syria seem selfish, fighting primarily against Das, less against the opposition against the regime, much less against the Assad regime. However, the Kurdish autonomy system in Rojave was built and operates under the influence of the Kurdish Workers' Party, which was formed as part of the struggle for Kurdish rights in Turkey.

These include, in particular, the institutions associated with the Kurdish Democratic Party, Massoud Barzani, who is said to be cooperating with the Turkish government in Ankara. Therefore, it cannot be said that the Kurds will cooperate. Let's say Dave is defeated. Then the Kurds will want to fight for independence. Wouldn't this be the start of another conflict in the Middle East? The general situation is very unclear. Turkey and Iran do not want to lose part of their territory. Iraqi Kurdistan is in a major economic and political crisis.

There is a risk of breaking the ground in at least two smaller parts. There are already areas where these units are fighting each other. There are areas with significant oil storage between Iraqi Kurdistan and Iraq, and this may be the reason for further hostilities. The world is home to nearly one and a half billion Muslims. With over six billion people on the earth, we find that about one in four of us are Muslim. The country with the strongest Muslim population in the world is Indonesia, where Muslims make up 87% of the majority of its nearly 230 million people.

Other countries with a majority or very distinct and significant Muslim minority include Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Chad, Chechnya, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia. Guinea Iraq, Iran, Yemen, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Comoros, Kosovo, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Maldives, Malaysia, Mali, Morocco, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria and Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, United United Arab Emirates, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Turkey and Uzbekistan.

Some Muslim countries, such as Berbers and Kurds, who live on the territory of several countries and states do not own it. Despite the common Arabs do not represent the majority of Muslims. Only about one in five are Muslim Arab, but in India, where Muslims are a minority, there are more Arabs together. In addition, Arabic is a sizable Christian minority, around 20%.

However, the Arabic language of the Quran and Sunnah, prayer and the liturgical language of Islam and the connecting link of all Muslims in the world. All Muslim languages ​​have a borrowing word from the Arabic language, especially in the vocabulary of a religious, cultural, artistic and scientific nature, given their common past.

Culturally, Muslims do not form a homogeneous mass. Based on language, cultural heritage, material and spiritual, we can distinguish several cultural areas, viz. This includes the Arab countries of North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. the majority language is Arabic. There are very strong and indigenous elements - the Berbers. Egypt is a very peculiar Arab country, however, it is slightly closer to the Arab east than to the west. A special Arab country, Sudan, where it mixes with Arab African influences.