What do you know about the highest peak in the world? That it is called Everest. Some will also remember an alternative name - Chomolungma. Can you name the height? At least approximately. Where is it? Also no? Then once again we will talk about the highest mountains on Earth.
The undisputed leader in terms of height, this mountain, like a magnet, attracts professional climbers, beginners and people who are simply thirsty for extreme sports from all over the world. Climbing it is the cherished dream of everyone who has made at least one climb to any other peak. And today thousands of people every year make this dream a reality.
Everest with routes and key points
brief information... Chomolungma, aka Everest, aka Sagarmatha, is the highest peak in the world. Its peak reaches a height of 8848 meters. Belongs to the Himalayan mountain system, divided between the PRC and Nepal. Most of the ascents are from Nepal. It takes an ordinary person about two hours to walk 7 kilometers 200 meters. Here you need to climb up the rocky slopes in the cold, and even thin air. The test is something else, but every year thousands of people decide on it. Not all of them reach the top. Not everyone returns home. Many die in the process.
Despite this, organizing the Everest climb has now become a lucrative business. Loners rarely go up now, most often people turn to special firms that assign guides, guides, instructors, doctors to them, select equipment, buy licenses for the ascent, provisions, medicines. In this case, the ascent can take up to two months. This time is needed for acclimatization, which is spent at critical points. This pleasure is not cheap. On average, a tourist leaves 65 thousand dollars for the rise. But he exchanges them for an unforgettable experience.
The second highest mountain peak, Chogori, is inferior to Everest, but not to say that much - 8611 meters. Belongs to the Karakorum mountain system and is located on the border of China and Pakistan. This is the northernmost eight-thousander and the most inhospitable. Climbing it is much more difficult than climbing the almost habitable Everest, surrounded by a streamlined service. Despite the fact that the mountain is the second highest, they climb it much less often, and the risk is much higher. For example, no one has yet managed to conquer it in the winter. The mortality rate among climbers is striking: about 30%. True, it is calculated not from the total number of tourists, but in comparison with the number of people who have reached the top.
The third highest mountain is 8586 meters high. It was divided between Nepal and India, and it belongs to the same Himalayas as Everest, but is located a little further south. Kanchenjunga in Russian means “five treasures of the great snows”, and this is not just an artistic image: it is divided into five independent peaks, of which only one is below 8000 meters, and then only by 100. This mountain is especially familiar to fans of Nikolai's work Roerich, because she was one of his main sources of inspiration and was repeatedly depicted in his canvases.
Another eight-thousander, and again from the Himalayas. It is also divided into two states already familiar to us - Nepal and China. The name of this mountain is "South Peak", which has a certain meaning. It is, indeed, located a little south of the famous Everest. It is connected to it by the famous South Saddle Pass. The other side, the South Wall, is steep. By the way, she was conquered only once. Soviet Union in 1990 he assembled a powerful expedition of 17 climbers. Only two of them reached the summit, the rest provided them with a safe ascent, but an unprecedented result could only be achieved by common team efforts. The mountain is divided into three peaks 8516, 8414 and 8383 meters high, respectively.
Again the border of China and Nepal, again the same rutting massif. The Himalayas are leaders in the number of high peaks and Makalu is another confirmation. The height of this mountain is 8485 meters. It is believed that of all eight-thousanders, this one is the heaviest. Only less than a third of all expeditions reach the summit, while most have to turn off halfway. "Black giant" (this is how the name of the mountain is translated) does not particularly favor climbers.
It is the sixth highest eight-thousander. The rest you can guess for yourself: Nepal-China, Himalayas, height - 8201 meters. Accordingly, you can climb it from one side or the other. But, if from the side of Nepal one has to face a very difficult wall, which not everyone can overcome, then from the side of Tibet there is a convenient pass, which makes Cho-oyu one of the most convenient for climbing eight-thousanders.
Reading the name of this mountain the first time is already a task, and only a few manage to climb it. " White mountain"- one of the most massive. It is divided into 11 peaks, however, only one - Dhaulagiri I was able to overcome the eight thousandth milestone. By the way, for some time it was Dhaulagiri that was considered the highest peak in the world. True, it was a long time ago, from 1808 to 1832.
Already the eighth eight-thousander, but we still have the same: mountain range Himalayas, but for a change, it belongs entirely to Nepal. "Mountain of Spirits" - this is how its name is translated. This sacred place... Perhaps that is why climbing is not considered dangerous enough, and the mortality rate reaches 18% even today. Three peaks are distinguished near the mountain, the highest of which rises to 8156 meters.
For a change, the mountain is located in Pakistan, although it belongs to the already familiar Himalayas. It is divided into 4 peaks, of which the highest is 8125 meters. "Naked Mountain", "Mountain of the Gods" - it's all about the ninth eight-thousander. It is considered one of the most difficult to climb due to climatic conditions and bare sheer peaks. The restless situation in the country complicates the situation. So, in 2013, there was a real tragedy when militants attacked the camp of climbers. 10 people were killed, including three Kharkiv residents. Not surprisingly, the death rate is 22%.
Another eight-thousander, the most dangerous, closes our list. The mortality rate is 41%. The name of the mountain translates as "Goddess of Fertility", but apparently, this goddess requires human sacrifice. However, the number of climbers willing to climb its 8091-meter peak is sufficient.
These are the ten highest mountains and the first of 14 eight-thousanders. Several people have already managed to conquer them all, and thousands more dream about it. Perhaps you are one of them.
This ranking will feature mountain peaks that are more than 8 kilometers high. Such mountains are called " eight-thousanders", there are 14 of them in the world, all of them are located in Asia, namely in two neighboring mountain systems: the Himalayas and the Karakorum.
The most famous and the tallest mountain system the world - the Himalayas, there are 10 eight-thousanders in it. To understand why this region of the Earth became the way it is now, you need to look back 120 million years ago, when the Indian subcontinent split from the supercontinent Gondwana and began to move northward at a speed of 5 centimeters per year. 80 million years, Hindustan has accelerated three times, up to 15 centimeters per year. It moved until it collided with Eurasia, and the Himalayas formed at the meeting point of two tectonic plates. To visit the Himalayas, you need to travel to one of the following countries: India, Nepal, China (Tibet), Pakistan or Bhutan.
The second highest mountain system Karakorum, where 4 eight-thousanders are located, is located in the north-west of the western chain of the Himalayas and covers three countries: India, Pakistan, China (Tibet and Xinjiang).
Further - the rating, which presents the highest mountains in the world, their location and the year when they were first conquered.
14th place. Shishabangma(Himalayas). Height 8027 m. The mountain is located in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. This mountain peak was first conquered by a Chinese expedition in 1964 led by Xu Jing.
13th place. Gasherbrum II(Karakorum). Height 8035 m. The summit is located in Kashmir, in the Pakistan-controlled Northern Territories on the border with China (Tibet Autonomous Region). The first ascent of the mountain was made by climbers Fritz Moravek, Hans Willenpart, Sepp Larch (Austria) in 1956.
12th place. Broad Peak(Karakorum). Height 8051 m. Located in Kashmir, in the Pakistan-controlled Northern Territories on the border with China (Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region). The first ascent of the mountain was in 1957 by an Austrian expedition consisting of Fritz Wintersteller, Markus Schmuck, Kurt Dimberger and Hermann Buhl.
11th place. Gasherbrum I(Karakorum). Height 8080 m. The summit is located in Kashmir, in the Pakistan-controlled Northern Territories on the border with China (Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region). In 1958, members of the American expedition Peter Schoening and Andrew Kaufman make the first ever ascent of the mountain along the southeast ridge.
10th place. Annapurna I(Himalayas). Height 8091 m. The summit is located in Nepal. Annapurna became the first eight-thousanders conquered by man. French climbers Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal climbed it in 1950.
9th place. Nangaparbat(Himalayas). Height 8125 m. The summit is located in the northwestern tip of the Western Himalayas between the Indus and Astor rivers, in Kashmir, in the northern territories controlled by Pakistan. The first successful ascent of the mountain was made in 1953 by the Austrian Hermann Buhl. It was an unparalleled episode in the history of the conquest of eight-thousanders before that time: Buhl reached the summit alone. It is also worth noting that Herman Buhl conquered Nangaparbat without the use of oxygen.
8th place. Manaslu(Himalayas). Height 8156 m. The summit is located in Nepal. The first ascent of the mountain took place in 1956 by the Japanese Toshio Imanishi and the Sherpa (Sherpas - a people living in Eastern Nepal, as well as in India) Gyalzen Norbu.
7th place. Dhaulagiri I(Himalayas). Height 8167 m. The summit is located in Nepal. In 1960, the Swiss-Austrian expedition Dimberger, Diener, Shelbert, Forer and the Sherpas Navang and Nyima conquered the mountain for the first time.
6th place. Cho-Oyu(Himalayas). Height 8201 m. Located on the border of Nepal with China (Tibet Autonomous Region). In 1954, the first ascent was made by members of the Austrian expedition Herbert Tychy, Josef Jöhler and Sherpa Pazang Dawa Lama.
5th place. Makalu(Himalayas). Height 8485 m. The mountain peak is located on the border of Nepal with China (Tibet Autonomous Region). In 1955, a French expedition led by Jean Franco achieved success, climbing the mountain along northern route... On May 15-17, in three groups, a total of 9 people climb Makalu in three groups - all members of the expedition and the sirdar (leader of the group of Sherpas).
4th place. Lhotse(Himalayas). Height 8516 m. Located on the border of Nepal with China (Tibet Autonomous Region), 3 km south of Everest and separated from it by the South Col pass. The first ascent to the Lhotse Glavnaya peak was made in 1956 by the Swiss Ernst Reiss and Fritz Luchsinger.
Lhotse (right) and Everest
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3rd place. Kanchenjunga(Himalayas). Height 8586 m. Until 1852, Kanchenjunga was considered the most high mountain world, but later calculations showed that Everest is higher, and Kanchenjunga is the third highest peak. Located on the border of Nepal and India (Sikkim state). The first successful ascent of the mountain was made on May 25, 1955 by members of the British expedition, George Band and Joe Brown. Kanchenjunga was one of the favorite themes in the painting of Nicholas Roerich.
2nd place. Chogori(Karakorum), also known as K2 (this site runs on a component for Joomla named after the mountain). Height 8611 m. This is the highest mountain peak in the Karakorum. Located on the border of Kashmir (Pakistan-controlled Northern Territories) and China (Xinjiang). The first to reach the top of K2 was the Italian expedition of 1954 led by Ardito Desio.
1st place. Chomolungma(Himalayas), also known as Everest... Chomolungma in Tibetan means "the lord of the winds", as for the English name Everest, it is assigned in honor of Sir George Everest, the head of the geodetic service British India in the years 1830-1843. The first to determine that Chomolungma is the highest mountain peak on Earth was the Indian mathematician and topographer Radhanat Sikdar in 1852, based on trigonometric calculations, when he was in India, 240 km from Chomolungma. The height of this greatest mountain peak in the world is 8848 meters. Chomolungma is located in China, namely in Tibet, on the border with Nepal. At the top of Chomolungma there are strong winds blowing at a speed of up to 55 m / s. The average monthly air temperature in January is -36 ° C (on some nights it can drop to -50 ... - 60 ° C), in July it is about zero ° C. The first ascent of Everest was made on May 29, 1953 by Sherpa Tenzing Norgay and New Zealander Edmund Hillary. The climbers used oxygen devices. More than 30 Sherpas took part in the work of the expedition.
It is not for nothing that the famous song says "Only mountains can be better than mountains." Snow-capped peaks attract people like a magnet, forcing them to climb up, overcoming all difficulties and adversities. Climbers are especially attracted by the most high mountains in the world, which can only be climbed by the most prepared, courageous, desperate and lucky. Meet the ten highest mountain peaks in the world, which are over eight thousand meters high. All of them are located in the Himalayas in a small area on the border of China, Nepal, India and Pakistan.
10. Annapurna I, 8.091 meters
The summit of Annapurna I, which in Russian from Sanskrit is referred to as the "Goddess of Fertility", rises up to 8.091 meters and is part of the Annapurna mountain range of the same name in the Himalayas. For the first time, two French climbers, Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal, were able to climb the mountain in 1950. Today it is one of the most dangerous mountain peaks in the world, where training and experience mean nothing, everything depends only on a successful combination of circumstances. Travelers face the difficulties of climbing even before approaching base camp and most of the way you have to climb slopes with a slope of 40%, constantly risking being hit by an avalanche. Until now, only about 150 successful ascents of Annapurna have been made, and the mortality rate is about 40% of the total number of people who have tried to climb up.
9. Nangaparbat, 8.126 meters
The ninth highest mountain peak in the Land of Nangaparbat, also known as the "Mountain of the Gods", in the western part of the Himalayas, rises to a height of 8.126 meters. Travelers tried to climb this peak many times, starting in 1859, but they managed to conquer Nangaparbat only in 1953. This feat was accomplished by the Austrian Hermann Buhl, who for the first time in history conquered an eight-thousander alone. Nangaparbat is one of the three most dangerous mountain climbing peaks, where the mortality rate of climbers is more than 22%.
8. Manaslu, 8.163 meters
Mount Manaslu, in the Himalayas, has a height of 8.163 meters. For the first time, the Japanese Toshio Imanishi and the Sherpa Gyalzen Norbu were able to climb it in 1956. For a long time, the mountain and its surroundings were a closed area for foreigners to visit due to its proximity to Tibet.
7. Dhaulagiri, 8.167 meters
Dhaulagiri is a mountain range with several peaks in the Himalayas, highest point which rises above sea level to a height of 8.167 meters. For the first time the summit was conquered in 1960 by a team of European climbers and Sherpa carriers. This mountain is considered one of the most difficult to climb, and so far no one has been able to climb along its southern route, known as the Dhaulagiri wall.
6. Cho-Oyu, 8.188 meters
The Cho-Oyu summit is located in the Himalayas, on the border of China with Nepal, it has a height of 8.188 meters. The mountain was first conquered in 1954 by an Austrian expedition consisting of Herbert Tychy, Josef Jöchler and Sherpa Pasang Dawa Lama. This is one of the easiest peaks with a height of more than eight thousand for climbing, which has turned into a real Mecca for amateur climbers.
5. Makalu, 8.485 meters
The fifth highest mountain peak in the world is Makalu, so known as the "Black Horseman" located in the central Himalayas, rising to a height of 8.485 meters above sea level. For the first time, a French expedition was able to climb the mountain in 1955 in three groups of three. This summit is considered one of the most difficult in the world to climb, only about 30% of expeditions to the summit were successful.
4. Lhotse, 8.516 meters
By and large, the fourth highest mountain in the world, Lhotse in the Himalayas, has three peaks over eight thousand meters, where the highest peak is 8.516 meters high. The first ascent of the mountain was made by a team of Swiss climbers Ernst Reiss and Fritz Luchsinger in 1956. Among the other eight-thousanders, Lhotse has the least number of routes paved to the summit, there are only three of them, where one by one, climbers were able to climb to the peak only once in the 90s.
3. Kanchenjunga, 8.586 meters
Mount Kanchenjunga with a height of 8.586 meters is located in the Himalayas on the border of India and Nepal. For the first time, a British expedition of Joe Brown, George Bend, and Charles Evans (leader) was able to conquer the summit in 1955. For some time, Kanchenjunga was considered the highest peak in the world, but after accurate measurements it was in third place.
2. Chogori, 8.611 meters
The second highest mountain in the world, Chogori in the Himalayas on the border of Pakistan and China has a height of 8.611 meters. For the first time the peak was conquered by a team of Italian climbers Lino Lacedelli and Achille Compagnoni in 1954. Chogori is one of the most difficult peaks in the world to climb, where the death rate of people daring to climb is 25%. For climbers, it is much more honorable to climb Chogori Peak than the highest peak in the world, Chomolungma.
1. Chomolungma / Everest, 8.848 meters
The highest peak on earth is Chomolungma, 8.848 meters high, located in the Himalayas, on the border of Nepal and China. The summit was conquered in 1953 by Sherpa Tenzing Norgay and New Zealander Edmund Hillary. More than 500 people try to conquer the peak every year and takes about two months. At the beginning of the year, 4042 climbers climbed Chomolungma, of whom 2829 climbed the mountain twice.
