After the complete decryption of the black boxes of the Tu-154 that crashed at the end of December 2016 in the water area of Sochi - parametric and speech- The experts of the Ministry of Defense can in fact already accurately name the reasons for the plane crash.According to experts, the plane with passengers was destroyed by a combination of several factors:went to last flight overloaded and the co-pilot Alexander Rovensky taking off, perhapsconfused the landing gear and flap control levers. When the crew noticed the error, it was already too late: the heavy Tu-154 simply did not have enough height for a rescue maneuver, so ithit the water with the tail of the fuselage and collapsed.
Heavy and uncontrollable
A Life source familiar with the investigation into the causes of the disaster said that the notorious human factor was recognized as the priority version of the Tu-154 crash.
The data of the speech and parametric (recording the operation of all aircraft units) recorders studied by the experts of the Research Center for the Operation and Repair of Aircraft of the Ministry of Defense in Lyubertsy say that in the third minute of the flight, when the airliner was at an altitude of 450 meters above sea level, the sensors of the directional stability system worked. - a source told Life. - The car began to lose altitude sharply due to problems with the flaps.
According to experts, this could have happened after the second pilot, 33-year-old captain Alexander Rovensky, instead of removing the landing gear, retracted the flaps.
From this, the plane went into an outrageous angle of attack, the crew tried to turn the car to reach the ground, but did not have time to do this, - added a source to Life.
As it turned out, the situation was aggravated by the overload of the Tu-154. Everything in the luggage compartment was filled to capacity. The tail of the plane was pulled down. It was impossible to save the car: there was not enough speed and height.The tail section first touched the water, and then the Tu-154at high speedhit the sea with its right wing and collapsed.
According to a Life source, the emergency situation came as a complete surprise to the crew: in the first seconds, the aircraft commander, 35-year-old Major Roman Volkov and the co-pilot Alexander Rovensky, were confused, but quickly pulled themselves together and tried to save the plane until the last seconds.
DECODING:
Speed 300 ... (Inaudible.)
- (Inaudible.)
Took the racks, commander.
- (Inaudible.)
Wow, e-mine!
(A sharp beep sounds.)
Flaps, bitch, what the fuck nya!
Altimeter!
US... (Inaudible.)
(The signal sounds about a dangerous approach to the ground.)
- (Inaudible.)
Commander, we are falling!
So the experts realized that the plane had problems with the flaps precisely due to the fault of the crew.
The pilots who flew the Tu-154, with whom Life spoke, confirm the conclusions of the experts of the Ministry of Defense that the cause of the crash could be a pilot error.
In Tupolev, the landing gear and flap retraction knobs are made on the visor of the cockpit, between them, above the windshield. You can confuse them, especially if the co-pilot, sitting on the right, whose duties include controlling the flaps and landing gear during takeoff, is tired, '' Honored Pilot of the Russian Federation Viktor Sazhenin, who himself flew on the Tu-154 for eight years, told Life. - From this, the plane went into an outrageous angle of attack, hit the water, and its tail fell off.
This version is considered acceptable by the test pilot Hero of Russia Magomed Tolboyev.
On the Tu-154 control panel, the flap and landing gear switches are located above the windshield. Flaps on the left, landing gear on the right. The co-pilot, who sits in the seat on the right, is responsible for them. It is possible that the pilot could confuse the levers or be distracted by something, so the plane took off with the landing gear extended and the flaps retracted, '' Tolboyev told Life.
According to Tolboev, it cannot be ruled out that after takeoff the crew exceeded the speed and the flap mechanism collapsed, because of which the liner fell to the right, lost speed and crashed into the water.
Tragic experience
Another factor in the Tu-154 disaster in Sochi could be the lack of sufficient knowledge of the ship's commander and co-pilot on how to act in an extreme situation.
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The crash with the Tu-154 B-2 with tail number RA-85572 of the Ministry of Defense occurred on December 25, 2016. It was at 5:40 am Moscow time, 1.7 kilometers from the coast of Sochi. The board of the Ministry of Defense flew to the Syrian Khmeimim from the Chkalovsky airfield, and in Sochi it was just refueling. There were 92 people on board. A few minutes after taking off from the runway, the plane disappeared from the radar screens.
The crashed airliner was based at the Chkalovsky airfield near Moscow and was part of the State Airline 223rd Flight Detachment of the Ministry of Defense, which transports military personnel.
The Tu-154 B-2 modification is designed to carry 180 economy class passengers and was produced from 1978 to 1986. A total of 382 aircraft were built. Since 2012, Russian civilian airlines have not operated the Tu-154 B-2.
Over the Black Sea, became the 73rd liner of this family, lost as a result of aviation accidents. The total number of deaths in such accidents for 44 years has reached 3 thousand 263 people. The Yuga.ru portal looked into the history of the aircraft's operation and remembered the most major disasters with his participation.
Tu-154 is a passenger aircraft developed in the 1960s in the USSR at the Tupolev design bureau. It was intended for the needs of medium-haul airlines and for a long time was the most massive Soviet jet passenger aircraft.
The first flight was carried out on October 3, 1968. Tu-154 was mass-produced from 1970 to 1998. From 1998 to 2013, small-scale production of the Tu-154M modification was carried out at the Aviakor plant in Samara. A total of 1,026 vehicles were manufactured. Until the end of the 2000s, it was one of the most common aircraft on medium-range routes in Russia.
The aircraft with tail number RA-85572, which crashed on December 25, 2016 over the Black Sea, was manufactured in 1983 and belonged to the Tu-154B-2 modification. This modification was produced from 1978 to 1986: an economy class cabin designed for 180 passengers, an improved automatic on-board control system. In 1983, the RA-85572 board was transferred to the USSR Air Force.
According to some Tu-154 pilots, the plane is too complicated for a mass passenger liner and requires high qualifications of both flight and ground personnel.
At the end of the 20th century, the aircraft, designed in the 1960s, became obsolete, and airlines began replacing it with modern analogues - the Boeing 737 and Airbus A320.
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In 2002, the EU countries, due to a discrepancy in the level of permissible noise, banned the flights of the Tu-154, which were not equipped with special noise-absorbing panels. And since 2006, all flights of the Tu-154 (except for the modification of the Tu-154M) in the EU have been finally banned. Aircraft of this type at that time were operated mainly in the CIS countries.
In the mid-2000s, the aircraft was gradually decommissioned. The main reason is the low fuel efficiency of the engines. Since the aircraft was designed in the 1960s, the issue of engine efficiency was not before the developers. Economic crisis 2008 also contributed to the acceleration of the aircraft decommissioning process. In 2008, the entire Tu-154 fleet was withdrawn by S7, the next year it was done by Rossiya and Aeroflot. In 2011, the operation of the Tu-154 was stopped " Ural Airlines". In 2013, the airliners of this type were removed from the air fleet by UTair, the largest Tu-154 operator at that time.
In October 2016, the last demonstration flight was performed by the Belarusian airline Belavia. The only commercial operator of Tu-154 aircraft in Russia in 2016 was the Alrosa airline, which has two Tu-154M aircraft in its fleet. According to unconfirmed reports, two Tu-154 aircraft, including the oldest model of this family, released back in 1976, are owned by the North Korean airline Air Koryo.
In February 2013, the serial production of the liners was discontinued. The last aircraft of the family, produced at the Aviakor plant in Samara, was handed over to the RF Ministry of Defense.
Major accidents of domestic Tu-154
02/19/1973, Prague, 66 dead
The Tu-154 plane was performing a regular passenger flight from Moscow to Prague, when, while landing, it suddenly went into a rapid descent, not reaching 470 m to the runway, crashed into the ground and collapsed. 66 people out of 100 on board were killed. This is the first incident in the history of the Tu-154 aircraft. The Czechoslovak commission could not establish the causes of the accident, only suggesting that during the landing approach, the airliner unexpectedly fell into a zone of turbulence, which led to a loss of stability. The Soviet commission came to the opinion that the cause of the disaster was the error of the aircraft commander, who accidentally changed the angle of inclination of the stabilizer due to the imperfection of the control system during landing.
07/08/1980, Alma-Ata, 166 dead, 9 wounded on the ground
The plane, flying on the route Alma-Ata - Rostov-on-Don - Simferopol, crashed almost immediately after takeoff. The plane demolished two residential barracks and four residential buildings, as a result of which nine people were injured on the ground. According to the official version, the catastrophe occurred due to a sudden atmospheric disturbance that caused a powerful downdraft air flow (up to 14 m / s) and a strong tailwind (up to 20 m / s) during takeoff, at the time of mechanization harvesting, with a high takeoff weight. in a high-altitude airfield and high temperature air. The combination of these factors at low flight altitude and with a sudden lateral roll, the correction of which briefly distracted the crew, predetermined the fatal outcome of the flight.
11/16/1981, Norilsk, 99 dead
The liner was completing a passenger flight from Krasnoyarsk and came in to land when it lost altitude and landed on the field, not reaching about 500 m to the strip, after which it crashed into a radio beacon embankment and collapsed. 99 people out of 167 on board were killed. According to the conclusion of the commission, the cause of the disaster was the loss of longitudinal controllability of the aircraft at the final stage of the landing approach due to the design features of the aircraft. In addition, the crew realized too late that the situation was threatening an accident, and the decision to go around was not made in time.
12/23/1984, Krasnoyarsk, 110 dead
The liner was supposed to perform a passenger flight to Irkutsk when an engine failure occurred during the climb. The crew decided to return, but a fire broke out during the landing approach, which destroyed the control systems. The car crashed to the ground 3 km before runway number 29 and collapsed. The primary cause of the disaster was the destruction of the disk of the first stage of one of the engines, which occurred due to the presence of fatigue cracks. The cracks were caused by a manufacturing defect.
07/10/1985, Uchkuduk, 200 dead
This disaster was the largest in the number of deaths in the history of Soviet aviation and Tu-154 aircraft. The airliner, performing a regular flight on the route Karshi - Ufa - Leningrad, lost speed 46 minutes after taking off at an altitude of 11,600 meters, fell into a flat spin and crashed to the ground.
According to the official conclusion, this happened under the influence of a high non-standard outside temperature, a small margin in the angle of attack and engine thrust. The crew made a number of deviations from the requirements, lost speed - and did not cope with piloting the aircraft. An unofficial version is widespread: before departure, the rest schedule of the crew was violated, as a result of which total time the pilots were awake for almost 24 hours. And soon after the start of the flight, the crew fell asleep.
07.12.1995, Khabarovsk region, 98 dead
The Tu-154B-1 airliner of the Khabarovsk United Air Squadron, flying along the route Khabarovsk - Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - Khabarovsk - Ulan-Ude - Novosibirsk, crashed into Mount Bo-Jausa, 274 km from Khabarovsk. The cause of the disaster, presumably, was the asymmetric pumping of fuel from the tanks. The captain of the ship increased the resulting right bank by mistake, and the flight became uncontrollable.
07/04/2001, Irkutsk, 145 dead
While landing at the airport of Irkutsk, the airliner suddenly fell into a flat spin and crashed to the ground. During the landing approach, the crew allowed the aircraft's speed to drop below the permissible speed by 10-15 km / h. The autopilot, switched on to maintain altitude, increased the pitch angle with a decrease in speed, which led to an even greater loss of speed. Having discovered a dangerous situation, the crew added a mode to the engines, deflected the steering wheel to the left and away from themselves, which led to a rapid increase in vertical speed and an increase in roll to the left. Having lost his spatial orientation, the pilot tried to take the plane out of the roll, but with his actions he only increased it. The State Commission named the crew's erroneous actions as the cause of the crash.
04.10.2001, Black Sea, 78 dead
The Tu-154M airliner of Siberia Airlines operated on the Tel Aviv - Novosibirsk route, but crashed into the Black Sea 1 hour and 45 minutes after takeoff. According to the conclusion of the Interstate Aviation Committee, the plane was inadvertently shot down by a Ukrainian S-200 anti-aircraft missile launched during a Ukrainian military exercise on the Crimean Peninsula. Ukrainian Defense Minister Oleksandr Kuzmuk apologized for the incident. Ukrainian President Leonid Kuchma acknowledged Ukraine's responsibility for the incident and dismissed the Minister of Defense.
08.24.2004, Kamensk, 46 dead
The plane took off from Moscow and headed for Sochi. During the flight over the Rostov region, a strong explosion occurred in the tail section of the liner. The plane lost control and began to fall. The crew tried with all their might to keep the plane in the air, but the uncontrollable airliner crashed to the ground near the village of Glubokoy, Kamensky District, Rostov Region, and completely collapsed. The explosion in the plane was staged by a suicide bomber. Immediately after the terrorist attacks (on the same day, the Tu-134 plane exploded on the Moscow-Volgograd flight), the Islambuli Brigades terrorist organization claimed responsibility for them. But later Shamil Basayev said that he had prepared the terrorist attacks.
According to Basayev, the terrorists sent by him did not blow up the planes, but only hijacked them. Basayev argued that the planes were shot down by Russian air defense missiles, as the Russian leadership feared that the planes would be directed to any targets in Moscow or St. Petersburg.
08/22/2006, Donetsk, 170 dead
The Russian airliner carried out a scheduled passenger flight from Anapa to St. Petersburg, but over the Donetsk region faced a severe thunderstorm. The crew requested permission from the controller for a higher flight level, but then the airliner lost altitude, and three minutes later crashed near the village of Sukha Balka in the Konstantinovsky district of the Donetsk region.
"The lack of control over the flight speed and the failure to comply with the instructions of the Airplane Flight Manual (Flight Operation Manual) to prevent the aircraft from entering the stall mode in case of unsatisfactory interaction in the crew did not prevent the situation from becoming catastrophic.", - said in the final conclusion of the Interstate Aviation Commission.
04/10/2010, Smolensk, 96 dead
The presidential airliner Tu-154M of the Polish Air Force was flying on the Warsaw-Smolensk route, but when approaching the Smolensk-Severny airfield in a heavy fog, the airliner collided with trees, capsized, crashed to the ground and completely collapsed. All 96 people on board were killed, including the President of Poland Lech Kaczynski, his wife Maria Kaczynska, as well as famous Polish politicians, almost all the high military command and public and religious leaders. They were on a private visit to Russia as a Polish delegation to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the Katyn massacre. An investigation by the Interstate Aviation Committee found that all aircraft systems were working normally before hitting the ground; because of the fog, the visibility at the airfield was lower than the allowable for landing, about which the crew was notified. The reasons for the crash were the wrong actions of the aircraft crew and psychological pressure on him.
According to the official version of the Tu-154 crash in Sochi on December 25, 2016, instead of a man, an orangutan turned out to be at the helm of the plane, who became ridiculous to pull the control knobs, which led to the tragedy. If we draw a parallel with driving, it would look like this: the driver got behind the wheel, started, and drove into a snowdrift. I handed it back - and crumpled three cars next to me. Then he drove forward - and crashed with all the foolishness into a garbage container, which was the end of the trip.
Conclusion: either the driver was dead drunk - or something happened to the car.
But the Tu-154 recorders showed that the plane was fully operational. And to assume that the pilot began to take off in a dead state in front of the other crew members, not suicides, also does not work. And his voice on the recorder is absolutely sober.
However, the plane crashed - allegedly as a result of inexplicable actions of the crew. Or is there still an explanation - but the military leadership desperately hides it?
Savvy journalists have unearthed that the plane may have been heavily overloaded - hence all the consequences. Moreover, he was overloaded not at the Sochi airport Adler, where he made an intermediate landing, but at the Chkalovsky military airfield near Moscow, from where he started.
The weight of the excess cargo is more than 10 tons. However, at Chkalovsky, according to the documents, 10 tons less kerosene was poured into this Tu-1542B-2 - 24 tons, as a result, the total weight of the aircraft was 99.6 tons. This exceeded the norm by only 1.6 tons - and therefore it was not critical. The pilot probably noted that the takeoff there took place with an effort - but there could be many reasons for this: the wind, atmospheric pressure, air temperature.
But in Adler, where the plane landed for refueling, this refueling played a fatal role. Fuel was added to the aircraft tanks already under the plug - up to 35.6 tons, which is why its take-off weight became more than 10 tons more than the permissible one.
And if we accept this version with overload, everything further gets the most logical explanation.
The aircraft took off from the Adler runway at a speed of 320 km / h - instead of the nominal 270 km / h. Further ascent occurred at a speed of 10 meters per second - instead of the usual 12-15 m / s.
And 2 seconds after taking off from the ground, the commander of the ship, Roman Volkov, pulled the steering wheel towards himself in order to increase the take-off angle. The fact is that the take-off and landing trajectories are strictly defined at each airfield: landing is more gentle, takeoff is steeper. This is necessary in order to separate in height the airliners taking off and going to land - without which they would constantly face a collision in the air.
But an increase in the ascent angle led to a drop in speed - an aircraft that was too heavy refused to perform this maneuver. Then the pilot, probably already realizing that they had put some kind of pig on him in the form of an extra load, moved the steering wheel away from him in order to stop the ascent and thereby pick up speed.
This happened at an altitude of 200 meters - and if the plane had remained in this echelon, even in violation of all the rules, the tragedy might not have happened. But Volkov piloted the car outside of its permissible modes - which no one had done before, since overload flights are strictly prohibited. And how the plane behaved under these conditions is hard to imagine. In addition, it is possible that that extra load, being poorly secured, also violated the alignment of the aircraft during takeoff.
As a result, a slight panic arose in the cockpit. The pilots began to retract the flaps ahead of schedule - in order to reduce air resistance and thereby gain speed faster.
Then a dangerous rapprochement began with the water, over which the take-off line was. The speed was already decent - 500 km / h, Volkov abruptly took the steering wheel over himself in order to raise the plane, simultaneously starting a turn - apparently, he decided to return to the airfield. Then the irreparable happened: the plane, in response to the pilot's actions, did not go up, but crashed into the water, scattering from a collision with it into fragments ...
Such a scenario, based on the data of the recorders, is absolutely consistent - and looks much more plausible than Shoigu's delusional explanation that the pilot lost his spatial orientation and, instead of climbing, began to perform a descent.
During takeoff, no spatial orientation at all is required from the pilot. Before him are two main devices: an altimeter and a speed indicator, he monitors their readings, not being distracted by the views outside the window ...
You can also ask: how did an overloaded plane manage to get off the runway? The answer is simple: there is a so-called ground effect, which significantly increases the lift of the wings up to 15 meters above the ground. By the way, the concept of ekranoplanes is based on it - semi-airplanes-semi-ships flying within these 15 meters in height with a much larger load on board than those of equal power aircraft…
Well, and now the most important questions.
First: what kind of cargo was placed in the belly of this Tu - and by whom?
It is clear that these were not the lightweight medications of Dr. Lisa on this flight, and not armored personnel carrier: a passenger plane does not have a wide port for the entry of all kinds of equipment. This cargo was obviously heavy and compact enough to enter through the cargo hatch.
And which one - you can assume anything here: boxes of vodka, shells, gold ingots, Sobyanin tiles ... And why it was decided to send it not by cargo, but by passenger flight - there could also be any reasons. From slovenliness for non-dispatch of combat cargo, which they decided to cover gradually - to the most criminal schemes for the export of precious metal or other contraband.
Another question: did the pilots know about this left cargo? For sure! This is not a needle in a haystack, but a whole haystack that cannot be hidden from view. But what exactly was there and what the true weight of it was - the pilots might not know. After all, this is an army, where the order of the highest rank is higher than all instructions; and most likely that order was supplied with some other generous promise - with a hint of all sorts of intrigues in case of refusal. Under the influence of such an explosive mixture, a lot of malfeasance is being committed today - when a forced person is faced with a choice: either to earn decent money - or to be left without work and without pants.
And the well-known Russian, perhaps, at the same time, as they say, has not been canceled!
Who ordered it? There can also be a large spread here: from any lieutenant colonel, deputy for armaments - to colonel general. Depending on what kind of cargo was put on the plane.
In short, in Chkalovsky the plane is overloaded, but this overload is compensated for by incomplete refueling - and in Adler, the tanks are already being filled to capacity. Obviously, the calculation was to fly with your own fuel to the Syrian Khmeimim (destination) and back. And the fact that the commander of the ship agreed in Adler for these 35.6 tons of fuel speaks in favor of the fact that he still did not know the real value of the overload. He will fly alone - you can still admit the dashing daring, which Chkalov himself laid the foundation for in our aviation. But behind Volkov's back were his own crew of 7 people, and another 84 passengers, including the artists of the Alexandrov ensemble!
The fact that the Ministry of Defense in this matter is not just obscuring, but with might and main is hiding the truth - such facts speak.
1. Shoigu's version of "violation of the spatial orientation (situational awareness) of the commander, which led to erroneous actions with the aircraft controls" does not stand up to criticism. For any pilot, not only with 4000 flight hours, like Volkov's, but with ten times less, takeoff is the simplest action that does not require any special skills. For example, landing in adverse weather conditions is a completely different matter. The crash during the landing of the same Tu-154 from the Polish delegation near Smolensk is a typical example of the pilot's lack of skill and experience. But no one has ever crashed during takeoff on a serviceable plane.
2. The decoding of the recorders probably already in the first days after the tragedy gave the whole alignment of what had happened. An analogy with the same Polish case in 2010 is appropriate here: then, on the 5th day, the IAC (Interstate Aviation Committee) issued an exhaustive version of the incident, which was fully confirmed later.
The IAC has been stubbornly silent about the Adler catastrophe for 6 months already. On his website, where detailed analyzes of all flight accidents are published - only two hang on the subject of Adler short messages that the investigation is ongoing. And another meaningful passage:
“To investigate this disaster, the resources of research and expert institutions have been attracted. Among them is the Interstate Aviation Committee, which has extensive experience in investigating accidents with Tu-154 aircraft and the necessary resources to provide assistance in order to expedite the investigation. At the same time, the IAC informs that the official comments on this investigation are provided exclusively by the Russian Ministry of Defense. "
That is, read, "we were gagged, sorry."
3. Naturally, the Minister of Defense in the very first hours, if not minutes after the disaster, found out what kind of cargo was on board the crashed Tu. And the incredibly long search for the wreckage of the plane, which added absolutely nothing to the information of the recorders, suggests that they were looking for that very secret cargo. And not at all the truth, which was immediately clear to the military.
Well, and another question: why do the military, headed by their minister, hide this truth so much? And from whom - from Putin himself or from the people?
Well, to be hidden from Putin, I very much doubt: he does not look like a person who can be fooled around like that. That means they are hiding from the people. It means that this truth is such that it somehow terribly undermines the prestige of our military.
That is, either some lieutenant colonel, a complete idiot, loaded into a passenger plane something that should not have been close. And then a shadow on our entire army, in which such idiots are on a horse that they can ruin the backbone of Alexandrov's ensemble with their idiocy.
Or is the colonel-general involved, entering the very head - and then also shame and disgrace: it turns out that through the replacement of Serdyukov with Shoigu, our army has not cleared itself of general outrage?
And the last thing. Remember, when we watched the film "Chapayev" as a child, many of us shouted in the audience: "Chapay, run!" Just as spontaneously, today, when everything became almost clear with the Adler tragedy, I would like to shout to the pilot Volkov: “Don't take this load! But if he took it - don't fly higher than 200 meters above the sea! "
After all, if you look at the calm mind, which was not praised by the pilot, who got into a storm of circumstances, he had a chance of salvation. Namely: when overloading an aircraft, do not even try to comply with the instructions, which obliges to climb to such and such a height at a certain distance from the airfield. Violate it to hell, get a reprimand for it, even if it is fired, but save your own life and the lives of others. That is, to fly at a minimum altitude, producing fuel - and when the weight of the aircraft decreases in an hour and a half, start climbing.
Another thing that again suggests itself is that if you decided to return to Adler, make a U-turn not by a standard turn with a side roll, which knocked the plane into the sea, but by the so-called “pancake”. That is, one rudder - when the plane remains in horizontal plane, and the turning radius at the same time greatly increases: a maneuver that is practically not used in modern aviation.
Yes, only this chance, which could have saved this plane, in the future plan would still be ghostly and murderous. For example, Volkov could have managed to get out of the disastrous situation set by the organizers of his flight. Then the next time he or his colleague would be hung not 10, but 15 extra tons of some "unspecified" cargo: after all, appetites grow as their satisfaction. And the tragedy would have happened all the same - not in this case, so in the next, while maintaining its causes.
May God grant that as a result of this catastrophe, someone in our armed forces will give someone a good blow on their brains, putting an end to the outrages that led to an inevitable outcome.
Alexander Roslyakov
The genetic examination of the bodies of those killed in the Tu-154 plane crash in the Sochi region will be carried out by forensic experts of the Russian Ministry of Defense. This was announced by the official representative of the Russian Ministry of Defense, Major General Igor Konashenkov.
“A decision has been made to deliver all those killed in the Tu-154 plane crash of the Russian Ministry of Defense to Moscow for identification and genetic examination by specialists from the 111th Main State Center for Forensic Medicine and Forensic Examinations of the Russian Ministry of Defense,” Konashenkov said at a briefing.
On the morning of December 25, information appeared that a Tu-154 aircraft of the Russian Ministry of Defense, flying from Sochi to the Khmeimim airbase, had disappeared from the radar.
Something extreme happened before the crash in Tu-154 - expert
The fall of the Tu-154 in Black Sea immediately after take-off from Adler airport, an extreme situation on board could have preceded, which did not allow the crew to transmit a distress signal to the ground, believes the former shift chief of the main center of the unified organization system air traffic Russian Vitaly Andreev.
“After takeoff and a short flight - two minutes - the plane disappeared from communication and did not transmit a signal to the ground about any malfunctions, this may indicate that an emergency situation developed on board - either an outside influence on the car, or a meeting with an obstacle, which was hardly there, ”says Andreev, who has worked in aviation for 47 years.
He adds that "Tu-154 is a very reliable machine, and miracles do not happen, they just do not fall."
“In my practice, there have been cases when Tu-154s landed when all three engines failed, or, for example, the famous landing in the taiga on an abandoned strip,” the expert adds.
“Those versions about malfunctions on board that are now being voiced - rudder imbalance, deviation from the established flight path - certainly could not prevent the crew from transmitting a signal to the ground about this,” Andreev added.
“This means that something extreme has happened, from practice - such situations are possible when a ship is hijacked,” he added.
The expert clarified that the data of the self-written intercom (SPU) "with an accuracy of 99.99% will be able to explain what was happening in the cockpit at the time of the disaster."
The Tu-154 plane of the Russian Defense Ministry, which was heading for Syria, crashed in the Black Sea on Sunday morning.
According to the military department, there were 92 people on board - eight crew members and 84 passengers, including eight military men, 64 artists of the Alexandrov ensemble, nine representatives of Russian TV channels, the head of the Fair Help charity Elizaveta Glinka, known as Doctor Liza, two federal civil servants.
The version of the terrorist attack on the Tu-154 plane is practically ruled out - source
The large scattering of the debris of the Tu-154 crashed near Sochi is explained by the water hammer, a source in the emergency services told Interfax.
“Apparently, when the aircraft collided with the water surface, a water hammer occurred, which entailed a large scattering of debris,” the source said.
In turn, a source in the security forces told Interfax that a terrorist attack was not considered among the main versions of the catastrophe and that such a version was practically ruled out.
“The plane took off from the Chkalovsky airfield, which is a well-guarded military facility. It is not possible to penetrate there in order to plant an explosive device on board. In turn, the airport in Sochi is a dual-use airport and is heavily guarded. Penetration of unauthorized persons, or bringing unauthorized items by any of the employees is excluded, ”the source said.
Konashenkov: In search of the plane, 27 ships and vessels, 37 divers, 4 helicopters, UAVs and remotely controlled deep-sea vehicles are involved
Briefing by the official representative of the Russian Ministry of Defense Igor Konashenkov on the situation with the crash of the Tu-154 aircraft in the Sochi area as of 15:00:
“According to the updated data, 10 bodies of the dead have been lifted aboard the rescue vessel.
The build-up of the group of search and rescue forces in the area of the Tu-154 plane crash of the Ministry of Defense continues.
A search area with an area of 10.5 km2 was formed.
The area is divided into sectors and distributed among the forces involved. The search is organized around the clock. For highlighting coastline in the dark, searchlight installations and special equipment were sent.
The search involved 27 ships and vessels, 37 divers, 4 helicopters, UAVs and remotely controlled deep-sea vehicles.
In the near future, more than 100 deep-sea divers with special equipment will be additionally delivered to the area of the plane crash from other fleets.
In total, more than 3 thousand people take part in search and rescue activities.
At the Adler airfield, groups of medical and psychological assistance are on duty, vehicles have been allocated for the transportation of relatives to temporary accommodation at the funds of the city's sanatoriums.
Russian President Vladimir Putin said that the Tu-154 crash would be thoroughly investigated.
"A thorough investigation of the causes of the disaster will be carried out and everything will be done to provide support to the families of the victims," he said during an emergency press conference.
On the likelihood of a terrorist attack
On the topic of the likelihood of a terrorist attack.
Air Force Major, pilot instructor Sergei Krasnoperov:
- What could have caused the crash of this liner, do you think?
- Only the "black box" that will be lifted from this liner will tell about it. But, as you say, the versions - pilot error and equipment failure - are the real reasons, as is always the case in such cases. But it is too suspicious that the plane, after taking off in the climb, it is literally a few tens of minutes, disappears from the radar screens.
- Now we have clarified that this happened at the seventh minute, during the climb or during the turn, apparently, over the Black Sea.
- This means that the engines were working properly, the fuel was normal. If this had happened on takeoff, the fuel might have been the cause. The situation, perhaps, is similar to the tragedy in Sharm el-Sheikh, there, too, very little time has passed since takeoff.
- Do you mean the version of the terrorist attack?
- Of course. What is very strange, the plane crashes on takeoff very rarely, especially of this class. The Tu-154 has three engines and is very reliable. I myself flew on them as a passenger very often.
- Why don't you consider the aircraft malfunction? After all, the Tu-154 is not a new aircraft.
- Yes, but they are very reliable. I can consider the design of the aircraft from the point of view of the pilot, and believe me, what is connected with the control of the aircraft, there is such a reliable control system, not like electronics now, but there are cable backup systems, including aircraft control systems, that is, if one system fails , another enters. Considering the experience of the pilots who now fly these planes, this situation is still very strange to me, that it was only the seventh minute after takeoff. I understand that the plane took off from our airfield, and it was also monitored by an electronic surveillance system, so it could not be that someone flew up to it, it could crash into something.
- Initially, it was reported that he simply disappeared from the radar screens, but the plane did not send any distress signals.
- This suggests that the plane, like in Sharm el-Sheikh, instantly lost speed and simply fell into a spin position, that is, uncontrollable. In this case, the pilot, simply with such an overload, which occurs in this case, not only could not report to the dispatcher, but was also unable to turn on the distress signal. Imagine, the liner just starts spinning strongly. Therefore, I think the plane was destroyed, as it was in Sharm el-Sheikh, where the speed at first was 780 km / h and then sharply became 170 km / h, and the loss of an altitude of 1000 m.Now we need to look at the radars, exactly how speed dropped. That is, the plane could plan and land on the water. Recently there was a case with Tu-154, when 37 people were rescued. The pilots were then able to land the liner in an unfamiliar field with strong wind, in a strong blizzard, and they saved almost all people.
In this situation, there were simple meteorological conditions, if something happened to the plane, to the engine, it would simply turn around, and began to glide towards the airfield, and would land in the coastal zone. Let the plane fall apart, but the pilots, the crew, and the passengers would be alive, do you understand? And then there is a sharp drop, it happens when something abnormal happened, something exploded, something fell off. As a rule, the tail of these aircraft can only fall off. And in all other cases, the pilot could calmly transmit information, turn on the distress signal, but this did not happen. This means that something was so abnormal, abrupt in the seventh minute of the flight. So, I cannot sin on the crew, and the equipment does not break down so abruptly.
- Scattering of fragments at such a speed, and his speed in the set is about 600-700 km / h, already there he goes above, at such a distance it may well be. But if the plane fell whole, then there would be no such dispersion of the fragments, believe me. The plane collapsed, just fell apart, which means it exploded, which means that somewhere someone was given a suitcase, given that it was a flight to Syria, and the musicians from the ensemble were flying, they could carry something with these musical instruments, someone that something he could have planted. Believe me, such scattering of fragments occurs only when an aircraft is destroyed in the air. It just explodes, and that's it. And when the liner just falls, it turns out an oily stain, and then parts float up. The plane, if it falls, dives into the water, simply disappears, it is found after some time. And then they even found a man who had already suffered from the wreckage in the coastal zone. This suggests that the debris fell to the ground in a random fall, which means it exploded in mid-air.
President of the Alpha Veterans Association Sergei Goncharov.
“With a high degree of probability, I can say that this is not a terrorist attack, for several reasons,” says Sergei Goncharov, president of the Association of Veterans of the Alpha Anti-Terror Unit. - First. This is an aircraft operated by the Ministry of Defense, and, believe me, the discipline in the Ministry of Defense is still quite serious, and the people who serve these flights, they are verified people, of course, have all forms of admission in order to do this work.
Second. People flew on this plane, our comrades, who practically knew each other, and, as I understand it, no one put strangers on this plane. And the luggage that was there, of course, was checked by the very people who flew in this plane.
Third. The plane, as I understand it, was not in the air for so long, the sea water area provides opportunities, if it were an explosion or some kind of flash, then, probably, there would be eyewitnesses who could see it or, at least, could fix it ... And the last thing. The wreckage of the plane has already been found, which means that they have not scattered so far from each other, as happens with some ...
- One and a half kilometers for the sea, this distance, as you understand, is quite small. All this gives me reason to say that, as I understand it, one should be inclined to the versions either by the pilots' error, or by the refueling that took place that did not meet some criteria. In any case, it is necessary to express condolences to all the victims. Unfortunately, this tragedy darkened our pre-holiday days. But in any case, I believe that now the Ministry of Defense will carefully understand and dot the i's. The only thing that confuses me is why the crew could not give any information to the dispatchers. This is a fact that I cannot yet answer, I think the investigation will answer.
Sergei Alekseevich, there must have been similar events in the tragic world practice. And why the crew, if trying now to understand on the parallels by analogies, could not do the very first thing that every pilot probably does, if he understands that the situation is beyond the usual normal one - send a distress signal? Using the example of other situations, can you explain how events could have developed, why this could have happened?
- If we are talking about a terrorist act, then in an explosion on board an aircraft or in the luggage compartment, the communication system immediately disappears, and from a purely technical point of view, the ship commander cannot give the dispatcher any information. Apparently, if there was some technical short circuit, some technical problem that prevented the crew from contacting the dispatchers (I repeat once again, this is a problem that will be dealt with after the wreckage has been lifted) ... there was a terrorist attack, at the moment, in any case, there would be indirect data about what happened on the plane, in particular, an outbreak, an explosion, or, at least, we would have some new, albeit subjective or indirect, hints about that the plane was blown up or crashed in the air by an explosion.
From official sources:
"Previously, during the climb, the crew encountered a technical malfunction of a critical nature, which led to a catastrophe," said an Interfax source in the emergency services.
According to a Pravda.ru source at the operational headquarters, “so far, according to preliminary data, the situation is as follows. The pilot and the crew, and in the case of the Tu-154 it was enlarged, were professional, they had no flight accidents - everyone is almost sure that this is not a human factor. Pro captain, navigator participated in the landing of the "tumbling" Tu-154.
This is not a terrorist attack, too, with a probability close to one - the plane is serviced, controlled in a special zone, control at the Sochi airport has been tight since the Olympics. The weather conditions, let's say, are not the best, yesterday they closed Simferopol due to the weather and Sochi was a spare, but they were still flying. Unless, of course, the liner fell into an accidentally formed sudden tornado. Or a flock of birds, which "plugged" all the engines simultaneously on takeoff, at the moment of full thrust - there is an ornithopark nearby. Most likely there is a technical malfunction, and so instantaneous and critical, such as switching the stabilizer to a dive in Rostov, that the crew did not have time for it. work out, nor report. Because even the failure of two engines on the Tu-154 does not kill, the crew would one way or another put the liner on the water.
And it's stupid when they talk about an old plane, about "it has already been banned." It was not banned, but taken out of use by commercial airlines, because it consumes a lot of fuel, the noise exceeds the norms, and really its internal environment cannot be compared with the Boeing or Airbus. An airplane has no "old age", it has airworthiness - it is either flyable or not. Douglases of 50-60 years fly in the USA. I will say more, "black boxes" - parametric recorders have already been located, they will be raised by specialists with bathyscaphes. All debris and bodies, of course, will also be raised - 70 meters is now available depths. " What happened is an undeniable tragedy. The reasons will be sorted out, since the investigation is taken under the tightest control at the very high level. Additional information will also give decryptions of black boxes. The bodies of the dead have already begun to be lifted. According to TASS, by noon, four bodies were found and recovered.
An operational headquarters for the reception of relatives has been created and is operating in Sochi dead passengers aircraft. At the Sochi airport, teams of psychological and psychiatric care are on duty. The mayor of the city held an emergency meeting of the commission on emergencies... "Kommersant's correspondent in Krasnodar Territory conveys that locals at the time of the catastrophe, they did not see the flash and did not hear the explosion, "the press notes.
Politonline.ru sources in the FSB of Russia also explained why everyone who approached the liner, serviced it and engaged in technical training was being checked. "The version of the terrorist attack is not a priority, but it must also be worked out. Yes, the FSB checks everyone who contacted the dead aircraft, they look at the records, conduct polls - to exclude the version, and not because it is" secretly investigated. "
Test pilot, Hero of the Russian Federation, Anatoly Knyshov:
- Tu-154 is a completely reliable aircraft, which is operated not only in the Ministry of Defense, but also in civil aviation... It has established itself as reliable and comfortable. The fact that there were military specialists on this board indicates that the plane was in full readiness. Because before each flight is checked - given type aircraft, it has a certain admission, airworthiness certification.
What happened ... In aviation, everything can be, but after takeoff, when the engines are operating in takeoff mode and the crew has no information about any malfunctions of individual systems or engines, otherwise, if such information was available, the pilot would follow the instructions would turn around, land at the departure airfield. In this situation, we can say that, apparently, something was still on board. Because planes don't just fall down, they don't crash landings. But why the crew did not provide information about what happened to him is also a question.
- What are the options for the complete failure of systems on board?
- One of the options is the failure of three engines. But in any case, the crew informs the dispatch service, informs the Ministry of Defense about one reason or another. In this situation, in my opinion, a sharp loss of communication, a sharp depressurization of the aircraft led to the fact that the crew could not, did not have time to report the reason that happened on board.
Anatoly Nikolaevich, now, when they say that the board was refueling in Sochi, could low-quality fuel cause an emergency? Or is it rather an exception to the rule now?
- When refueling takes place at any airport, both on the territory of the Russian Federation and abroad, the crew and the team that serves (and I think there is a technical team on this board that serves this type of aircraft), they must check the type of fuel by the passport , its characteristics and so-called fuel samples are taken even before refueling. Therefore, I still cannot say that this is the reason for low-quality fuel, only the commission can determine that they will definitely take samples at the crash site (the remaining fuel will be somewhere in any case). They will be able to find out the quality of the fuel, and the state of the systems, and the readiness of the crew. Because in any case, if there were low-quality fuel, it would be impossible to simultaneously fail three engines, which could lead to such a catastrophe. The reason is explosive. There is an audible alarm, a light alarm that warns the crew about a particular malfunction. This warning did not work. Because the warning works for the crew, provides information with the aim of the crew competently and correctly fulfilling those recommendations, what they worked out already in ground conditions. It is sad that this is happening to our colleagues, namely from the Ministry of Defense, precisely those who were heading there, to the hot spot, where they could support our servicemen before the New Year. This is a tragedy that we will all go through.
Now the search is underway. Among other things, there was information that the search for the aircraft in the Black Sea is being carried out by 7 sea vessels, the Mi-8 helicopter from the Sochi airport has joined in the search. But there was information that the possible point where the plane crashed was in the mountains. Can you explain why such conflicting information is coming in now?
- Any plane that takes off is monitored by dispatching services, locators and help the crew to correctly build the trajectory to enter the route. If they are dodging somewhere, the dispatcher says: you are dodging. Because on this air route there are probably several types of aircraft - in the opposite direction, in the same direction. And the dispatch service controls and is responsible to some extent for the safety of being on this route. But even if the dispatcher service, the locators could not notice where the mark from this type of aircraft is ... Because each dispatcher displays the type of aircraft and its call sign on the screen. And when this tag disappears, a command is immediately given to the search service (in this case, these are helicopters that are now searching in the area of possible tag disappearance). And the situation in the mountains may be such that they have dropped below the detection zone.
- And what could be the reason for this behavior of the crew?
- It could be the explosive nature of the plane itself, that is, an explosion could have occurred, and no one could report - neither the correspondents who were there, nor the crew itself. I cannot suggest anything else here.
PS. Almost the entire choir of the Alexandrov ensemble died
The deceased director of the Department of Culture of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.
Elizaveta Glinka. She was also on board the crashed plane.
Dead journalists.
PS2. Regarding the rejoicing monsters from Ukraine and Russia, in this regard, it can be noted that at such moments the difference between people and moral monsters is well manifested.
Alexey Pushkov: Those killed in the crash are heroes of the war on terror
Alexei Pushkov, Chairman of the Federation Council Commission on Information Policy, commented on the plane crash in Sochi.
“Those killed in the crash flew to Syria to support our military. They are all heroes of the war on terror. Their flight, their impulse was interrupted. Their spirit is alive, ”he wrote.
Those killed in the crash flew to Syria to support our military. They are all heroes of the war on terror. Their flight, their impulse was interrupted. Their spirit is alive.
Recall that during a scheduled flight from the Sochi airfield after takeoff, the Tu-154 aircraft disappeared from the radar radars. Later, the military department reported that 1.5 kilometers from the Black Sea coast Fragments of the Tu-154 hull were found at a depth of 50-70 meters in Sochi. Among the passengers were journalists from Channel One, NTV, the Zvezda TV channel, musicians from the Alexandrov ensemble, as well as Doctor Liza.
Russian President Vladimir Putin declared nationwide mourning in the country in connection with the crash Russian aircraft in the Black Sea.
He stated this during an emergency press conference.
"Tomorrow in Russia will be declared a national mourning," - said Putin.
Recall that during a scheduled flight from the Sochi airfield after the takeoff of the Tu-154 aircraft, it disappeared from radar radars. Later, the military department reported that fragments of the Tu-154 hull were found 1.5 kilometers from the Black Sea coast of Sochi at a depth of 50-70 meters. Among the passengers were journalists from Channel One, NTV, the Zvezda TV channel, musicians from the Alexandrov ensemble, as well as Doctor Liza.
The deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation, singer, Joseph Kobzon was supposed to fly on the Tu-154 plane of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation that crashed over the Black Sea to Syria. This was reported on December 25 by TASS with reference to the people's artist.
“On the 14th we had a concert with them in the Hall of Columns, and Valery Khalilov (the head of the Alexandrov ensemble - approx.) Asked me to fly with them, but I said that I had a medical visa and I had to fly for treatment, especially that I, together with them and with Khalilov, visited Syria once. So I said - next time somehow. But you see how the next time I turned around "
Kobzon said.
He assured that, if offered, he would be ready to speak again for Russian military personnel in Syria.
“I am sincerely sorry, for me this is just shocking news. This is a great tragedy for culture, for an army audience. They flew on a combat mission "
Russian TV channel published the first video of the wreckage of the crashed Tu-154
The Russian TV channel Life showed the first footage from the crash site of the Russian Defense Ministry plane, which fell into the Black Sea. The sent footage shows the wreckage of the Tu-154 military board, which are in the water.
The media published a video of the rescue operation in the area of the Tu-154 crash
The first video of a rescue operation in the area of the crash of the Tu-154 Ministry of Defense aircraft appeared.
Recall that during a scheduled flight from the Adler airfield after the takeoff of the Tu-154 aircraft, it disappeared from the radar radars. Later, the military department reported that fragments of the Tu-154 hull were found 1.5 kilometers from the Black Sea coast of Sochi at a depth of 50-70 meters. Among the passengers were journalists from Channel One, NTV, the Zvezda TV channel and 68 musicians from the Alexandrov ensemble, as well as Doctor Liza.
Published on 1/10/17 10:23 AMThe latest news about the crashed Tu-154 plane in Sochi: experts told why on December 25 last year, a plane of the defense department crashed over the Black Sea.
The reason for the plane crash in Sochi latest news: why Tu-154 crashed over the Black Sea, experts from the Ministry of Defense told
Based on the results of a complete decoding of the parametric and speech flight recorders of the Tu-154 aircraft, in December 2017, experts from the Ministry of Defense spoke about the reasons for the crash. According to experts, the airliner with passengers was destroyed by a combination of several factors: the board went to Syria overloaded, and the co-pilot Alexander Rovensky confused the landing gear and flap control levers on takeoff, and when intcbatch the crew noticed an error, it was already too late: the heavy Tu-154 did not have enough height for a rescue maneuver, and it collapsed with the tail section of the fuselage.
A Life source familiar with the course of the investigation said that the human factor was recognized as the priority version of the crash.
"The data of the speech and parametric (recording the operation of all aircraft units) recorders studied by the experts of the Research Center for the Operation and Repair of Aircraft of the Ministry of Defense in Lyubertsy say that in the third minute of the flight, when the airliner was at an altitude of 450 meters above sea level, the sensors of the directional stability system worked . The car began to lose altitude sharply due to "- the source quoted the publication.
Experts say this happened after the co-pilot, 33-year-old captain Alexander Rovensky, removed the flaps instead of the landing gear.
"From this, the plane went into an outrageous angle of attack, the crew tried to turn the car to reach the ground, but did not manage to do this," the source emphasized.
The situation was aggravated by the overload of the Tu-154, because of which the tail of the aircraft was pulled down.
The source claims that the emergency situation came as a complete surprise to the crew: the airliner commander, 35-year-old Major Roman Volkov and co-pilot Alexander Rovensky, were confused in the first seconds, but then pulled themselves together and tried to save the plane until the last seconds.
The pilots who flew on the Tu-154, with whom the journalists managed to talk, confirmed the conclusions of the experts of the Ministry of Defense that the cause of the crash could be a pilot error.
The commander of the ship Volkov Roman Alexandrovich and the assistant to the commander of the ship Captain Rovensky Alexander Sergeevich
"Tupolev's" landing gear and flap retraction knobs are made on the visor of the cockpit, between them, above the windshield. You can confuse them, especially if the co-pilot, sitting on the right, whose duties include controlling the flaps and landing gear during takeoff, is tired. of this, the plane went into an outrageous angle of attack, hit the water, and its tail fell off, "- said the honored pilot of the Russian Federation Viktor Sazhenin.
This version is considered acceptable by test pilot Hero of Russia Magomed Tolboyev.
"On the Tu-154 control panel, the flap and landing gear switches are located above the windshield. The flaps are on the left, the landing gear on the right. The co-pilot, who sits in the seat on the right, is responsible for them. It is possible that the pilot could confuse the levers or be distracted by something. , therefore, the plane took off with the landing gear extended and the flaps retracted, "he said, noting that the version that after takeoff the crew exceeded the speed, which led to the destruction of the flap mechanism, cannot be ruled out.
Another factor in the crash of the Tu-154 in Sochi could be the lack of sufficient knowledge of the ship's commander and co-pilot regarding actions in an emergency situation.
"Most likely, neither the commander of the plane, Roman Volkov, nor the co-pilot, Alexander Rovensky, who graduated from military schools in the early 2000s, did not undergo special flight training," explained the representative of the commission to investigate the disaster in Sochi.
He stated that if the pilots had undergone special training for piloting in extreme situations at the Lipetsk Aviation Center for retraining military pilots or at the Gromov Flight Research Institute, then perhaps the catastrophe could have been avoided.
"In the military schools that the pilots graduated from, they were unlikely to be taught how, if the flaps malfunction at low altitudes, put them on the reverse release in order to take the liner out of the extreme angle of attack," he said.
In turn, the engineers of the Research Center for the Operation and Repair of Aircraft of the Ministry of Defense in Lyubertsy do not exclude that when the crew tried to turn the car in order to reach the ground, they would have been able to save the board if not for the overload.
“The overload is evidenced by the fact that when the plane began to lose altitude, the tail section was the first to hit the water, which fell off, and then the car caught the water with its right wing and crashed into the sea,” a source in the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation explained.
At the same time, according to him, it cannot be excluded that luggage compartment just overloaded.
“After all, this was almost the last flight of a civilian aircraft to Syria, and relatives and colleagues of the military on a mission could ask the management of the airfield and the crew to take the excess on board. And during the flight and after landing in Sochi, the cargo could shake. Sochi, the cargo moved to the tail section of the liner, and the car pulled down in an emergency situation with the flaps, "the expert noted.
As he wrote, the aircraft of the Russian defense department Tu-154 B-2 with tail number RA-85572 crashed in the Black Sea on December 25, 2016. On board there were 92 people. They all died.
