In this article, I want to refute another very common myth, namely that America does not produce anything, but only prints unsecured dollars.
I will not list here to everyone known facts, namely that the United States overtook Gazprom in gas production and came out on top, which the United States ranks 3, after Russia and Saudi Arabia, a place in oil production, that the United States is the world's largest automobile manufacturer (General Motors has already coped with its problems and is making a profit for the fifth quarter in a row), that American Boeing and European Airbus share most of the aircraft market between themselves, that American pharmaceutical companies are the largest manufacturers drugs (for example, the well-known "Viagra" is produced by the American pharmaceutical giant "Pfizer") that American farmers not only feed the entire country, but are also the largest exporters of grain, meat, etc., that American products Food Industry sold all over the world, for example, such brands as Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola are known to everyone, as well as that, for example, such products are American textile industry like jeans are worn by the whole world.
The production was labor intensive and labor intensive. Over twenty years, more than 15 million vehicles of this type have been produced. Only in the second half. However, the auto industry missed important structural reforms. In addition, the state was granted veto power over more than 100 million transactions. However, that was not enough to keep the two automakers from going bankrupt.
As a result of the rescue operation and increased investment in sustainable technologies, the outlook has improved significantly. The sector benefits from improved well-being for many citizens and favorable funding conditions. Energy prices are important factor especially for energy intensive industries. Shale gas production has expanded significantly over the past six years, so net natural gas imports have declined despite rising demand.
You can tell that some of the above items are manufactured outside of the United States. I will answer you with a question - so what? That, because the enterprise is located outside the United States, the profit from the sale of goods produced on them does not go to the accounts of American companies?
In fact, American companies not only profit from production abroad, but these profits are much higher than if these companies produced the same goods in the United States, since production is created in countries with cheap labor force... True, this increases unemployment in the United States itself, but that's another story.
Shale gas, as well as shale oil and "dense oil" are gas and oil plugs that are enclosed in dense rock layers several hundred meters deep. They are unconventional. They are supported by hydraulic fracturing. In this method, subsurface deposits are released by pressing the mixture chemical substances and large quantities of water into the rock layers using high pressure horizontal vents.
This is due to a number of positive conditions. Fourth, proximity to the consumer, for example, to the industry. Finally, promoting shale gas is an important part of President Obama's climate action plan. This will further enhance the attractiveness of shale gas.
The most interesting thing is that the added value created in foreign industries is not taken into account when calculating American GDP. In other words, if an American firm produces goods, for example, in China, the added value created in the production of this good will be accounted for in the Chinese GDP, and not in the American one, despite the fact that the American company receives the profit. Likewise, if these goods are sold in the United States, they are considered imports, despite the fact that the proceeds from the sale of these goods are not converted into yuan or the currency of another country in which the goods are produced, but are credited to the accounts of American companies in the United States in dollars. Therefore, the United States actually does not have any trade deficit, since the lion's share of the so-called imports is not really an import, since it is produced at American enterprises. It only remains to add that since the profit from the sale of American goods, regardless of where these goods were produced and sold, are converted into dollars, this increases the demand for dollars, and this in turn means that the dollar is very secured and it is provided in that number and American industries, regardless of which part of the world they are located. That is why no collapse of the dollar has occurred, and is not expected in the near future, despite the fact that this is predicted by various demagogues over the past ten years.
I would like to touch upon such unique American manufactures as the Tesla car.
However, with the financial and economic crisis, this dream shook. Especially in the service sector, many new jobs have been created. Even after the recent crisis, labor market recovery has been labor intensive and protracted. The high proportion of long-term unemployed is also unusual in the country.
Analysts disagree on whether the causes of high unemployment are cyclical, frictional, or structural. Today they are more localized due to, among other things, high mortgages in many homes and weak demand in the real estate market. It is not based on a nationwide survey, as is the case in the Federal Republic, but on a monthly survey of representative families. Only those unemployed were registered who were actively looking for work four weeks before the survey. To be listed as an employee, an individual must only work for a third party company or in their own company during the week of the survey.
However, here I want to talk about the factories that are located directly in the United States, or rather, not about all such factories, but only the most familiar to me, as an electronics engineer, are those in the field of high technologies.
There is a misconception that all high-tech industries are located in China. In fact, only low-profit production facilities that require manual labor have been brought to China. Here I want to focus on those industries that are automated to such an extent that manual labor does not play a decisive role. These industries include the production of electronic components and semiconductors. Since the share of wages in the cost of these products is much less than in products requiring massive use of manual labor, they are transferred to countries with low wages does not make sense, therefore the vast majority of such industries are located in the United States.
The weekly working day does not matter, so a person can only work for an hour. Also used are individuals who have worked at least 15 hours per week in the survey week unpaid in the family business. In addition to reduced mobility, there is another reason for high productivity - the amount of goods and services that a worker can produce in one working hour. In the service sector, many low-wage jobs have also been rationalized during the economic and financial crises.
Two further trends are alarming: rising poverty and rising income inequality. The median income of the population provides information about the development of income, that is, the value that divides the amount of all income in two halves. Income inequality also continues to grow. A coefficient of 0 means that the income is absolutely evenly distributed. For a coefficient of 1, only one person will receive the total income in the country. Census Bureau below the poverty line, from the very.
The question immediately arises - what is the share of American companies in the world semiconductor production? From this table, you can calculate that the share of American companies accounts for almost 30% of the world's semiconductor production. This means that all televisions, radios, telephones, computers, etc., regardless of which country they are produced in, are, on average, 30% assembled from American-made components. But this is on average, and if in more detail?
It is also scary that many Americans are poor despite their jobs. 4.4 million of them worked full time. However, there are exceptions for certain groups of workers: lower wages are possible for employees under the age of 20, students, people with physical or mental disabilities, as well as employees in professions where drinking water is common.
President Obama inherited a huge mountain of debt from his predecessor. Last but not least, high debt is also a consequence of recent financial and economic crisis... It is clear that rising government spending on social programs such as unemployment benefits - with a simultaneous decrease in tax revenues - increases the debt burden. Debt has reached a level that has become a burden on the state. For years, Congress failed to pass the budget on time.
As an example, let's take the most common electronic device today - a computer. The question arises - who produces them? The short answer is everyone and everything. This page, for example, lists computer manufacturers registered in the United States. An interesting detail is that the 2 largest Japanese corporations, Sony and Toshiba, have branches in the United States. However, the fact that the computer is assembled by some company is not the most important thing. Much more important is what the computer is made of.
Government activities are often funded only from the transition budget. Democrats and Republicans agree that savings need to be made so as not to overwhelm generations. However, this reduces the amount of investment available to companies, thereby weakening the potential for economic growth. Moreover, it is not guaranteed that public investment will automatically serve long-term growth: if the government enters the capital markets as a borrower, it pushes the lending rate through additional demand, thereby risking crowding out private investment.
Any person who knows at least a little about computers knows that the main component of any computer is the central processor. Who makes them?
On this page, under Central processing units (CPUs), all processor manufacturers are listed. Out of 11 companies, only one, Via is located in Taiwan, and the other 10 in the United States. Moreover, if we take personal computers and laptops, then only 2 American companies - Intel and AMD processors are used there. In other words, all 100% of personal computers have only American-made central processing units.
Since public investment is often more ineffective than private investment, lower growth can have long-term consequences. In addition, steadily rising interest payments represent an unusually unproductive use of capital and an increase in dependence on foreign countries... China accounted for just under 22 percent of that figure. However, it is highly controversial how: while Democrats largely reduce the deficit by increasing taxes and limiting social cuts, Republicans are outright abandoning higher taxes and cutting spending accordingly.
However, although the central processing unit is the most important component of a computer, it is not the only one. There is also a very important component called the graphics processor. It is he who is responsible for displaying all information on the display screen. GPU companies are listed under Graphics processing units (GPUs). There, out of 7 companies, only 3 are American, but it is they who dominate this market. In 2010
However, it is not only about the size of the budget, but also about the distribution. Thus, Republicans are using the budget to torpedo President Obama's reform. In particular, the regulators that will monitor financial markets in the future, and the ministries and the environmental agency that are responsible for implementing Obama's climate change, are a thorn in their eyes. In addition, Republicans have repeatedly tried to prevent the implementation of health care reform by blocking necessary spending.
List of modern American car brands in alphabetical order
However, the report he submitted failed because he did not agree with the required majority of the Commission. Mandatory expenses such as Medicare and Medicaid health programs were not initially affected. However, the participants contested in such a way that they terminated the negotiations before the deadline expired. And even the automatic write-off of flat rates for all household items, including social programs and the level of protection threatened in case of failure, could not contribute to the willingness to compromise.
In this article, I want to refute another very common myth, namely that America does not produce anything, but only prints unsecured dollars.
I will not enumerate here the well-known facts, namely that the United States overtook Gazprom in gas production and came out on top, that the United States ranks 3rd, after Russia and Saudi Arabia, in oil production, that the United States is the world's largest car manufacturer (General Motors has already coped with its problems and has been making a profit for the fifth quarter in a row) that the American Boeing and the European Airbus share most of the aircraft market, that American pharmaceutical companies are the largest drug manufacturers (for example, the well-known Viagra is produced by the American pharmaceutical giant Pfizer ") that American farmers not only feed the entire country, but are also the largest exporters of grain, meat, etc., that American food products are sold all over the world, for example, such brands as Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola are known to everyone, and also that, for example, such products of the American textile industry as jeans are worn by the whole world.
At the heart of the bill is an increase in taxes for senior executives, while tax breaks under the Bush administration are supported for most of the population. In January, Congress agreed to temporarily suspend the debt ceiling. The government had until the end of the fiscal year, that is, until there had been violent clashes in Congress in previous weeks, as Republicans wanted to use budget legislation to prevent health care reform from going into effect in October at the last minute.
They only wanted to pass the budget if at the same time it was decided to suspend the reform for a year. The Democratic-dominated Senate, as well as President Obama, rejected this. The last time it was under President Clinton, three weeks from October, hours before the country went bankrupt, Congress agreed to suspend the debt ceiling until February and an out-of-party ad hoc committee was formed, a long-term budget decision in Congress. Both sides had to backtrack: While Democrats had to scrap tax increases for the rich, Republicans scrapped their plans to cut social security.
You can tell that some of the above items are manufactured outside of the United States. I will answer you with a question - so what? That, because the enterprise is located outside the United States, the profit from the sale of goods produced on them does not go to the accounts of American companies?
In fact, American companies not only profit from manufacturing overseas, but these profits are much higher than if these companies produced the same goods in the United States, since manufacturing is created in countries with cheap labor. True, this increases unemployment in the United States itself, but that's another story.
The additional revenue will come mainly from higher airfare and savings in pensions for civil servants and soldiers. Trade in goods and services. Pharmaceutical products are included in the consumer goods group. Due to the economic crisis, international trade has dropped globally. It consists of the balance of trade, service balance, capital income, and transfers. The decline in energy imports is currently having a positive effect on the trade balance.
How can you explain the high deficit in the trade balance? Unlike small countries such as Germany, which rely on export markets, exports play a lesser role for companies. What's more, the United States can afford high imports. Interest plays an important role here: if they are high, capital flows into the country. If the dollar falls against other currencies, exports rise and imports decrease. During this period, the real value of the dollar rose against the currencies of trading partners.
The most interesting thing is that the added value created in foreign industries is not taken into account when calculating American GDP. In other words, if an American firm produces goods, for example, in China, the added value created in the production of this good will be accounted for in the Chinese GDP, and not in the American one, despite the fact that the American company receives the profit. Likewise, if these goods are sold in the United States, they are considered imports, despite the fact that the proceeds from the sale of these goods are not converted into yuan or the currency of another country in which the goods are produced, but are credited to the accounts of American companies in the United States in dollars. Therefore, the United States actually does not have any trade deficit, since the lion's share of the so-called imports is not really an import, since it is produced at American enterprises. It only remains to add that since the profit from the sale of American goods, regardless of where these goods were produced and sold, are converted into dollars, this increases the demand for dollars, and this in turn means that the dollar is very secured and it is provided in that number and American industries, regardless of which part of the world they are located. That is why no dollar collapse occurred, and is not expected in the near future, despite the fact that this is predicted by various demagogues throughout recent years ten.
The added value that is generated in China is often very small. Therefore, the large trade deficit with China is also associated with regional production networks in Asia. However, the trade deficit with China could narrow in the coming years, as the Chinese government wants to shift from export-oriented to more consumer-oriented economic growth, and also to meet the demand of the growing Chinese middle class. Direct foreign investments.
However, Congress may delegate some of its commercial competence to the President. This mandate concerned not only the dismantling of tariffs, but also non-tariff barriers to trade, which were increasingly included in the agenda of international negotiations. The new bargaining power was limited by the fact that Congresses now have to ratify treaties negotiated by the executive branch. This modification was necessary because, unlike tariff cuts, Congress could neither set specific limits on liberalization in the president's negotiating mandate, nor wanted the administration to give leeway to an area that deeply intervened in the domestic regulation of the national economy.
However, here I want to talk about the factories that are located directly in the United States, or rather, not about all such factories, but only the most familiar to me, as an electronics engineer, are those in the field of high technologies.
There is a misconception that all high-tech industries are located in China. In fact, only low-profit industries that require manual labor have been brought to China, while the most important part of these industries, namely the production of semiconductor components, is fully automated and, as a result, there is no point in transferring them to countries with cheap labor. That is why the overwhelming majority of such industries are located in the United States.
The question immediately arises - what is the share of American companies in the world semiconductor production? From this table, you can calculate that the share of American companies accounts for almost 30% of the world's semiconductor production. This means that all televisions, radios, telephones, computers, etc., regardless of which country they are produced in, are, on average, 30% assembled from American-made components. But this is on average, and if in more detail?
As an example, let's take the most common electronic device today - a computer. The question arises - who produces them? The short answer is everyone and everything. This page, for example, lists computer manufacturers registered in the United States. An interesting detail is that the 2 largest Japanese corporations, Sony and Toshiba, have branches in the United States. However, the fact that the computer is assembled by some company is not the most important thing. Much more important is what the computer is made of.
Any person who knows at least a little about computers knows that the main component of any computer is the central processor. Who makes them?
I can give many more similar examples. For example, I did not even touch software, although Microsoft alone is a monopoly on the operating system market, but even without this, it is quite clear that, as they say, rumors that the United States does not produce anything other than dollars are greatly exaggerated.
