1. In the area of what form of relief is the highest point of Africa located?
a) Atlas Mountains;
b) the East African plateau;
c) Drakensberg Mountains;
d) Cape Mountains.
2. Mark the correct statements with the word "Yes", the incorrect ones with the word "No".
3. Solve the crossword puzzle.
Horizontally:
2. The predominant form of relief on the African continent.
The divorce begins to form with linear stretching of the upper part of the lithosphere. This discrepancy gives rise to a number of disadvantages in principle unrelated, which leave the basins separate from each other. As the rift develops, some imperfections grow and may merge with others to form large valleys and depressions.
The earth's crust is becoming thinner and thinner, and the transition zone between the earth's crust and the mantle is closer and closer to the surface. Finally, tensile forces and magma thrust from the mantle erode the crust, creating a large number of cracks and fissures through which magma is generated. The magmatism of these zones accounts for approximately 80% of the entire magmatic activity of the earth's surface.
4. Highest point Africa.
9. Highlands in northern Africa.
Vertically:
Mountain system in northern Africa
3. The world's largest large diamond, discovered in southern Africa in 1905.
6. Stable section crust.
8. The mythical animal that gave the name mountain system in the south of the African continent.
4. Fill in the blanks.
Comparison of tectonic and physical maps
A rift can go through several stages in succession over millions of years. For example, the North Sea rift indicates several distinct phases in time that occurred over a period of more than 100 million years, from the Permian, when there was still a large united continental mass, by the beginning of the Cretaceous, when already the continents, as we know them today, were much more definite.
Rift in ocean ridges
The ocean ridges are the most prominent examples of a mature rift zone. For example, in the middle of the Atlantic Ridge there is a rift zone in which the Eurasian tectonic plate is divided and the North American plate, which is located in the center Atlantic Ocean... Magma emerges from the cracks and solidifies, forming a new ocean floor. The rate at which magma escapes and the separation of the plates determines how much magma accumulates in height. In the most active regions, called hotspots, the accumulation of magma forms mountains that can rise above sea level and form islands such as Iceland or Hawaii.
Plains prevail in the relief of Africa. Prevailing heights from 200 to 1000 m.Lowlands are few, they are located along the coast Atlantic and Indian oceans ... There are mountains only in the extreme north and south of the mainland. In the north are the young Atlas Mountains. In the southern part of the mainland are the ancient Drakensberg and Cape Mountains.
These volcanoes are large and have a gentle slope, formed over many years by successive layers of fluid basaltic magma. Some of the more prominent examples are the Mauna Loa volcano in Hawaii or the Skjalbreydur volcano in Iceland. Rift zones can also appear on the mainland in areas where new tectonic divisions are being created. These areas are referred to as the Continental Rift, with the Great Rift Valley in East Africa being the best example. Diverging forces along this new zone of separation are causing the earth to sink, forming a large valley, called tectonic pits, deeper and deeper between the two mountain ranges.
5. Fill in the table "Mineral resources of Africa".
6. Record the names of the geographic locations indicated by numbers on the map (see page 61).
1. Somalia Peninsula;
2. Cape Almadi;
3. Cape Ras Khafun;
4. Dragon Mountains;
5. the highlands of East African;
6. Kilimanjaro volcano;
7. Atlas Mountains;
8. Cape Mountains;
9. Ethiopian plateau;
10.Gulf of Guinea.Hot spots and volcanic fissures appear throughout this area, from which magma flows out of the mantle. Over time, the valley will be below sea level and ocean water will begin to flow in and a new ocean will begin to form. Faulty rift zones are known as those rift zones that do not sit between two plates when split. They arise in rift zones between three tectonic plates, two of which eventually form a new oceanic floor in separation, and the third ends form a structure known in geology as aulakogen, a continental tectonic pit.
