For the most part, Belarusian settlements and villages leave a pleasant impression. Of course, there are a lot of abandoned villages here, but more or less large settlements look pretty decent. However, there are exceptions. I was left a little amazed after visiting the Lyntupy village. It is unlikely that the Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko was here, perhaps, after his visit, there would have been positive changes. There are not so many attractions here, but they are. And in general, the village deserves the best. But first things first.

Get to Lyntupy on public transport very hard. Buses from the regional center Postavy (or elsewhere) do not go there, since the road has not yet been paved. In not the largest Belarusian settlements, only the so-called "gravel roads" are laid - primers covered with rubble. It is possible to ride on them, however, for cyclists it is a terrible ordeal. So civilization in the form of paved asphalt has not yet reached Lyntup. And this is in the XXI century. Twice a day a diesel train runs to Lyntup from Pastavy. There are no excursions to Lyntupy either, they say that the sights there and their condition are unlikely to appeal to tourists. And to carry people several kilometers through rubble is probably not entirely solid. Nothing helped me in the tourism department resort village Naroch. They said, they say, only go there by taxi. I knew that Lyntupy are located in the border zone of the Republic of Belarus, and to visit this area you need to pay a special fee. In order not to break the law, I asked the tourism department where you can pay for it. I did not receive a clear answer - informational assistance is provided there only in the Naroch region, located in the Minsk region. Lyntupy, although not very far from Naroch, but this is Postavy district Vitebsk region... The local taxi driver agreed to take me to Lyntup and back for 2,000 Russian rubles. He paid the fee for himself at the bank, and he told me that there was no need to worry.
Fate did not quite treat the Lyntups favorably. Once a large railway junction, but now a forgotten corner today is located on the very edge of the country and does not develop at all. Of course, the village is unlikely to ever become a tourist Mecca: after all, the area is full of more interesting settlements. But in general, I am very sorry for the local residents who live in such desolation. Lyntup has enough interesting story, and here you can attract tourists in the future.
The taxi driver dropped me off and stayed to wait in the center of the village next to the church of St. Andrew the Apostle. The beautiful temple that adorns Lyntupy was built in 1908-1914. The information stand informs that the temple was consecrated in the name of St. Andrei Boboli, but the official website of the Belarusian catholic church confirms that, after all, the church bears the name of the Apostle Andrew, and the main holiday is celebrated on November 30 (the memory of the holy Apostle Andrew, for the Orthodox - December 13).

In a classic Belarusian place on main square there has always been a church, an Orthodox church and a synagogue. But there has never been a church in Lyntupy. The synagogue was located directly opposite the church, but the building has not survived. By the way, locals never distinguished themselves by religious tolerance, and there were constant clashes between Catholics and Jews.

Further, according to the plan, there was a visit to the former estate of the Bishevsky. The manor complex was built in late XIX- the beginning of the twentieth century. The main building of the estate was built by the architect Tadeusz Rastvorovsky in 1907. Local legend says that a young nobleman Jozef Bishevsky fell in love with a beautiful Parisian woman. She promised to marry him, but on condition that he build a palace for her. The condition was fulfilled, the master's palace is really very beautiful. But the capricious Frenchwoman did not appreciate the efforts of the gentry in the end.

For a long time, the estate was in a terrible state. Many buildings were dilapidated and began to collapse. Nobody looked after the old park, and the ponds and canals were overgrown with mud. However, quite recently the manor complex was bought by the Russians and restoration work began there.

Swans on the pond. By the way, Lyntupy in translation from the Baltic language means "bird's river".

Lyntupy used to have the status of a town, now it is an urban-type settlement. Although the current status is not entirely suitable for this locality. There are no multi-storey buildings, moreover, it seemed that they are still not familiar with such a blessing of civilization as the sewage system. Even the local administration building has a wooden toilet. Since the century before last, a brewery has been operating in Lyntupy, now producing alcohol. However, the locals said that after the recent fire, it does not work at full capacity.

Be sure to talk about railway station Lyntupy. There were times when the village was a major transport hub. At the end of the 19th century, the Pabrade-Krulevschizna line was built. During the First World War, a narrow-gauge railway was built from Lyntup to Kobylnik (now the village of Naroch), then dismantled and rebuilt in the 1920s. The line was closed in 1960, and little remains of it. There was also a section of the railway from Lyntup to Shvencheneliai (now Lithuania), it existed a little longer. After the collapse of the USSR, communication with the Lithuanian Pabrade ceased, although the Vitebsk-Grodno train passed along this line. Now Lyntupy is a dead-end station, where two commuter trains in a day.

Monument to the engineer Boleslav Yalovetsky, a native of these places and who built railways here more than a hundred years ago.

Whether it will be interesting for tourists in Lyntupy, I don't know. I personally liked locality, somehow the village attracted me. And I would like to hope that someday Alexander Lukashenko will come here and come up with something. Well, there shouldn't be a village with such rich history(and in its vicinity there are also ancient burial mounds and huge boulder stones, about which there are many legends). I hope that an asphalt road will be built here, the estate will be restored, and local residents will not complain about unemployment and lack of prospects.

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Lyntupy. Yandex map.

Allows you to: change the scale; measure distances; switch display modes - diagram, satellite view, hybrid. The mechanism of Yandex maps is used, it contains: districts, street names, house numbers, etc. objects of cities and large villages, allows you to perform search by address(square, avenue, street + house number, etc.), for example: "Lenin street 3", "Lyntupa hotel", etc.

If you didn't find something, try the section Google satellite map: Lyntupy or a vector map from OpenStreetMap: Lyntupy.

Link to the object of your choice on the map can be sent by e-mail, icq, sms or posted on the site. For example, to show the meeting point, delivery address, the location of the store, cinema, station, etc.: align the object with the marker in the center of the map, copy the link on the left above the map and send it to the addressee - using the marker in the center, he will determine the place you specified ...

Lyntupy - an online map with a satellite view: streets, houses, districts and other objects.

To change the scale, use the "mouse" scroll wheel, the "+ -" slider on the left, or the "Zoom in" button in the upper left corner of the map; to see a satellite view or folk card- select the appropriate menu item in the upper right corner; to measure the distance - click the ruler at the bottom right and draw points on the map.

The urban village of Lyntupy is located just 2 km from the state border of our country with the Republic of Lithuania, in the extreme north-west of Belarus in the middle of the protected forests of our Poozerie (40 km west of Postavy and 25 km north of the lake Naroch).

To understand the uniqueness of these places for researchers, at the beginning of the topic we will make a small angle into the history of the region.

V early middle ages the territory of Lyntupshchyna was part of the Nalschansky principality. The entire population of the principality was pagan. After the forcible seizure of Nalschan by the Grand Duke of Lithuania Voishelk in 1264, the lands of the principality were transferred under the formal jurisdiction of Polotsk. However, the principality of Polotsk, weakened by the struggle with external and internal enemies, at that time no longer had the strength to Christianize the new annexed lands. Soon the Principality of Polotsk itself legally became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Later we will see that on the territory of the former Nalschansk land, the Oshmyany district of the Vilna voivodeship was created.

The gradual Christianization of the region began after the coronation of the Grand Duke of Lithuania Jagaila to the Polish throne in 1386. But, we repeat, this Christianization was gradual and slow, for centuries, carried out from the ruling elite to the common people of the principality and did not have a sharply expressed violent character. Therefore, up to the middle of the 19th century, there were islands of the pagan population on this territory, and the Christian faith new to these places was intertwined with the old pagan customs, rituals and beliefs.

The creation of such a dense interweaving of old pagan beliefs with the Christian religion is unique in continental Europe. Similar processes took place only in Iceland, which is extremely remote from the large Christian centers.

A striking example of such a Christian-pagan conglomerate is the Lyntup region we are considering. Although the first church in the town was built in 1459 (this date is considered the beginning of the Christianization of Lyntupshchyna), at the end of the 19th century, the famous Russian researcher of antiquities F.V. Pokrovsky fixes and puts on his archaeological map in Lyntupy themselves such a characteristic object of pagan cult as the "Holy Well". Moreover, the author of these lines, during his research, recorded information about the reference local population cult rites of clearly pagan origin already in the second half of the XX century. These are mass prayers during some Christian holidays at the former pagan shrines of the area: the holy "Millennial Oak" in the former village of Stukovschina (3 km north of the town of Lyntupy), the "Holy Spring" in the village of Petruti (10 km east of the town of p Lyntupy). It is also the kindling of znich (sacred fire) during the holidays of the Christian saints Yuri and John at the former temple of the pagan god of spring and fertility Yarilo on the hill "Tomb of the Knight" ("Butsianok") in the village of Gurnitsa (12 km south-southeast of urban settlement Lyntupy). They are also sacrifices to pagan gods: the goddess of fate and birth Laima on her temple in the Vaishsky Log tract in the village of Raduta (6 km southeast of the town of Lyntupy), an undefined god at the Holy Millennium Oak in the former village of Stukovshchina , to the deity of the clan Dedu the first ancestor on his temple near the former village of Stukovschina, etc.

The most sensational find was during a joint field expedition in 1992 with a senior researcher at the Institute of History of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Cand. Historical Sciences Lyudmila Vladimirovna Duchits. In the vicinity of the village of Kaptaruny (7 km north-west of the town of Lyntupy), 30 m from the state border, in a hole filled with water on the surface of the cult Saint ("Dzyuravaga") stone of Kaptarunsky, brand new, just minted mint of the Republic of Lithuania, coins. A pagan sacrifice at the very end of the 20th century in the center of Europe! It really was a sensation. Thanks to this find, the Kaptarunsky Saint ("Dzyuravy") stone has become the most famous among the Belarusian pagan monuments in the scientific circles of Europe.

From the above material, one can guess that the vicinity of the g.p. Lyntupy are a real fabulous Eldorado for local historians, historians, archaeologists and ethnographers. Indeed, over 20 years of work, the author of these lines has found and investigated more than a hundred objects of pre-Christian cult, collected rich ethnographic material. Along and in parallel with the author, such famous scientists as geologist and candidate of geological and mineralogical sciences V.F. Vinokurov (Geological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Belarus, Belarus), Candidates of Historical Sciences E.M. Zaikovsky, L.V. Duchits (both - Institute of History of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Belarus, Belarus), Vikantas Vaitkevicius (Klaipeda University, Lithuania), Daiva Vaitkevichene (Central Lithuanian Archive of Ethnography, Lithuania), Moscow archaeologist Denis Samkov (Russia) and others.

Research carried out in the summer of 2014 together with the staff of the Belarusian department of the International Academy of Information Technologies (IAIT) on a number of pagan religious sites in Lyntupshchyna discovered material that interested representatives of other branches of science.

The background to the above studies is as follows. During many years of work with pagan cult objects, the author drew attention to inexplicable cases that occur with the human psyche, photo and video equipment in the places of former pagan temples. During a stay in these places, there are often cases of loss of spatial orientation, visual and auditory hallucinations, failure of photo and video equipment. The author himself often witnessed these incomprehensible phenomena, and the stories of many people about these cases are true masterpieces of folk art.

During these studies, the author had the idea of ​​a scientific study of these incomprehensible phenomena with the help of modern technical means... Accidental acquaintance with an employee of MAIT, Cand. biological sciences Galina Grigorievna Romanenko allowed to begin to implement these ideas.

Our group included Cand. biol. Sciences G.G. Romanenko, S.N. Starovoitov, O.V. Yagelo and A.V. Gorbul. The studies were carried out with a certified IGA-1 device, a highly sensitive selective meter of the electromagnetic field with a range of 5-1000 Hz and a sensitivity from units to hundreds of picovolts. The objects of the study were the former pagan temples of Yarila - the god of spring, fertility and war (the hill "Knight's Tomb" ("Butsianok"), the village of Gurnitsa), Mary (Roda, Raduta, Aushrine) - the goddess of the dead and dawn (the hill "French ( German) graves ", the village of Raduta), Laima - the goddess of fate, knowledge and birth (the Vaishsky Log tract near the Raduta village), Veyasa - the god of the winds (the Vayshsky Log tract), Deda - the ancestor god, guardian of the household, at home, harvest, family, clan (tract "Dzedava khata" in the former village of Stukovschina) and an unclear god at the "Millennium Oak" (former village of Stukovschina).

The experimental work carried out by our group on the pagan temples of Lyntupshchyna opened up broad prospects for using this research method in archeology and, first of all, in the study of religious monuments.

So, we managed to follow a special trail (which looks like a heat trail in the infrared region) to find the original location of the moved cult object (the altar stone from the temple of Yarila, the idol of Veyas), the cult objects that disappeared from the temple (12 cult stones dedicated to minor gods - to the winds at the temple of Veyas, the idol of Yarila, Mary (Raduta), etc.). Also, by the nature of the radiation, one can distinguish cult objects from natural ones (2 parts of the idol of Veyas) and other possibilities that we still have to comprehend.

Having received only part of the information about the studies described above, the leading specialist of our country in the field of the study of pre-Christian religious monuments, employee of the Institute of History of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Cand. history. Sciences E.M. Zaikovsky expressed great interest in cooperation. He also proposed to jointly develop a methodology for such research in archeology.

Literature

1. Ermalovich M. Starazhitnaya Belarus. Minsk: Mastatstva і Literature, 1990. 336 s.
2. Saganovich G. Narys histories of Belarus. Minsk: Entsyklapedyks, 2001.412 p.
3. Duchyts L., Klimkovich I. Sacred Geography of Belarus. Minsk: Literature and Art, 2011.384 p.
4. Sanko S., Valodzina T., Vasilevich U. Belarusian mythology: encyclapekd. Sloўn, 2004.592 p.
5. Garbul A. Scarbs of blue boulders. Pastavy: Sumezhzha, 2002.104 p.
6. Garbul A. Pagansky capitals and Dakhrysts_yansky cultural memories of Pastaashchyny // Belarusian Paddies: tests, methods and extraction of scattered pastures (yes, 80-year-olds from the archaeological digging of the city of Pastaўshchyny). navuk. Prats Resp.navuk.-Pract. Seminara, Polatsk, 20-21 list. 2008 Pad aguln. red. D.U. Duka, U. A. Lobach. Novapolatsk: PDU, 2009.S. 178-186.
7. Vaitkevičius V. Alkai. Vilnius: Diemedžio. 2003.320 p.
8. Personal archive of the author.

The settlement got its name from the name of the river that flows through it in the Postavy region - Lyntupka. From the Baltic language, the word is translated as "bird river". For the first time, Lyntupa got into the chronicle in 1385. However, people lived here as early as the 10th century AD. The proof of this is 74 burial mounds near Lyntupy. During the excavations, knives, awls, spearheads, axes, bracelets, and rings were found - items used by the Baltic people in the 10th century AD. A place with a cluster of large boulders in this area served for sacrifice, prayer and worship of the gods. Until now, there are many legends about boulders: "Stone-grandfather", "Stone-krinitsa" and others.

In 1908, on the site of the old burnt-out wooden church during the reign of the Bishevsky gentry, they began to build a new - brick church. The construction lasted 6 years. In 1914, the construction of the church was finished.

It is noteworthy that an Orthodox church has never been built in Lyntupy, and it still does not exist here. Opposite the church on the central Lyntupov square there was only a synagogue.

The Bishevskys built a brewery here, which is still operating. True, water and alcohol are bottled here today.

The Biszewski Palace in Lyntupy was built in 1907 by Jozef Biszewski according to the designs of the famous architect Tadeusz Rastvarovski. It was built in the late Italian Renaissance style. Each room was distinguished by its unique color scheme and rich decoration. There were Chinese, Moorish, Japanese chambers. Central heating and sewerage were installed here.

A pond was dug around the palace. Therefore, it seemed that the building was on an island. Decorated with marble sculptures and a granite staircase. Many exotic plants have been planted in the adjoining park. An amphitheater was also built in the park, where musical evenings were organized. On holidays, the gates to the palace were opened, and both gentry and villagers could visit the amphitheater.

There is a legend about the construction of the Bishevsky palace in Lyntupy about the romance of Józef Bishevsky with a Parisian woman who demanded a palace for herself. Jozef built the palace, but the lady didn’t think he was the best, and she went to her place in Paris, and “trampled on” true love.

On this moment the palace building stands in the woods. The object was purchased by a Russian investor, and further destiny the palace is not yet known, the program said.

On the outskirts of Lyntupov there is an ancient cemetery, where the Bishevskys and other gentry, as well as ordinary villagers are buried.

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Lyntupy
belor. Lyntupy
Lyntupy in the 24map reference

The Bishevsky estate

Church of St. Andrew the Apostle

Lyntupy(Belarusian. Lyntupy) is an urban settlement in the Postavy district of the Vitebsk region of Belarus on the Lyntupka river, 42 km from the city of Postavy, near the border with Lithuania. Dead-end railway station on the Krulevshchizna strip - Lyntupy, by automatic roads it is connected with Postavy, the town of Svir and the town of Svianchenis, the Republic of Lithuania. Population - 1.6 thousand people (2010).

History

The Lyntups have been known since 1459, when the Vilna voivode A. Dovgirdovich built here the church of St. Andrew. In the middle of the 16th century, in the Oshmyany district of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The owners were Buchinskiy, Ostrovskiy, Gilsen. Since 1795 as a part of the Russian Federation, a town, the center of the Sventsiansky district volost. In 1854 -1939 belonged to the Bishevsky. In 1921 -1939 as part of Poland, in the Sventsiansk district. Since 1939 as part of the BSSR, a village in the Postavy region. Since 1967 it has been an urban settlement.

Transport

Highways pass through the village P95(Lyntupy - Smorgon - Golshany) and P110(The deepest is the border of Lithuania). Currently, there is no passenger railway service in the direction of Lithuania.

Border zone

Lyntupy are located in the border zone of the Republic of Belarus, entry into which is carried out on the basis of notification of the border guards of the intention to visit one or another place in the border zone and payment of the state duty.

sights

• Church of St. Apostle Andrew, including the gate and the fence (1908-1914).
• The Bishevsky estate (1907), including a smoking tower, a brovar, a distillery, an arched bridge, a park, utility rooms.
• The Jewish cemetery (18th century) has practically not survived.
• Cemetery of Germanic fighters (1915-1918) - located at the fence of the Catholic cemetery.
• Christian cemetery, including Catholic chapels (19th century), graves of Polish soldiers (1919-1920), stone cross.

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