How to inflate foil balloons. How to make balloons (Reasoning) How to make a structure in the form of a bird

If you take an inflated bubble and lower it into the water, and then let it go, the bubble will jump out onto the top of the water and begin to float on it. In the same way, if you boil the cast iron of water, then at the bottom, above the fire, the water becomes volatile, gas; and as soon as steam collects, a little bit of water gas, it will now pop up in a bubble. First, one bubble will pop out, then another, and as all the water heats up, the bubbles pop out without ceasing: then the water boils.

Just as bubbles pop up from the water, inflated by volatile water, because they are lighter than water, - so a bubble inflated with gas will jump out of the air to the very top of the air - hydrogen, or hot air, because hot air is lighter than cold air, and hydrogen is lighter than all gases.

Balloons are made from hydrogen and hot air. Balls are made of hydrogen in the following way: they make a big bubble, tie it with ropes to stakes and let hydrogen into it. As soon as the rope is untied, the bubble will fly upward and fly until it jumps out of the air that is heavier than hydrogen. And when it rushes up into the light air, it will begin to float through the air, like a bubble on water. They make balloons out of hot air in the following way: they make a large empty balloon with a neck at the bottom, like an inverted jug, and attach a piece of cotton in the neck, and soak this cotton in alcohol and light it. The fire will heat up the air in the ball and become lighter than cold air, and the ball will pull upward like a bubble from water. And the balloon will fly upward until it comes into the air lighter than the hot air in the balloon.

Almost a hundred years ago, the French, the Hot Air Balloons brothers, invented balloons. They made a ball of linen and paper, let hot air into it; the balloon flew. Then they made another ball larger, tied a ram, a rooster and a duck under the ball and let it go. The ball rose and fell safely. Then a boat was forged under the ball and a man got into the boat. The balloon flew so high that it disappeared from sight: it flew and then descended safely. Then they came up with the idea of filling the balloons with hydrogen and began to fly even higher and faster.

In order to fly on the ball, they tie a boat under it, and they sit in this boat in twos, threes and even eight people and take food and drink with them.

In order to descend and ascend whenever you want, a valve is made into the ball, and the one who flies can pull and open and close this valve by the rope. If the ball rises too high, and whoever is flying wants to lower it, then it will open the valve, the gas will escape, the ball will contract and begin to descend. Also, there are always sandbags on the ball. If you drop the bag, then the ball will be easier and it will go up. If someone flies, wants to go down and sees that something is wrong below - either a river or a forest, then he pours sand from the bags, and the ball becomes lighter and rises again.

Just as bubbles, inflated by volatile water, pop up from the water, because they are lighter than water, - so a bubble inflated with gas - hydrogen, or hot air, will jump out of the air to the very top of the air, because hot air is lighter than cold air, and hydrogen lighter than all gases.

In order to fly on the ball, they tie a boat under it, and they sit in this boat in twos, threes and even eight people and take food and drink with them.

In order to descend and ascend whenever you want, a valve is made into the ball, and the one who flies can pull and open and close this valve by the rope. If the ball rises too high and whoever is flying wants to lower it, then he will open the valve, the gas will escape, the ball will be compressed and will begin to descend. Also, there are always sandbags on the ball. If you drop the bag, then the ball will be easier and it will go up. If someone flies, wants to go down and sees that something is wrong below - either a river or a forest, then he pours sand from the bags, and the ball becomes lighter and rises again.

Not only children love flying a kite. For adults, this fun hobby allows them to return to a carefree time for a short time, to feel the joy of flight. You can buy a finished product, but it is much more interesting to make a snake on a string with your own hands. Using the materials and drawings at hand, you can easily cope with this task.

Do-it-yourself kite types

In order to make a kite with your own hands, you need 5 things: basic labor skills, materials, drawings, desire and patience. All structures are made according to the same principle: a base with different aerodynamic properties and a rope. The snake can be flat and voluminous, simple or consisting of several links.

Such a thing can be found in the store, but it will be a typical replicated version. It is better to make a controlled kite yourself, and then launch and enjoy the result.

The first who came up with the idea of launching a structure in the form of a kite or a dragon into the sky were the Chinese. They took up this fascinating business in the 5th century BC.

Flat kite made of paper, nylon or polyethylene

Together with the children, you can make a simple version of a domestic snake called "Monk".

Take a sheet of A4 thick paper of any color. Attach the lower right corner to the left long side so that it is aligned with the short one. It turns out a triangle with a single upper part. Cut it off, unfold the sheet, you get a square.
Mentally or with a pencil, draw a straight line between two opposite corners of the square - mark its axis.
Bend the sheet so that the right and left sides of the square "lie" on its axis.
Fold the corners up twice in an accordion manner.
From both sides in the middle of the accordion, glue a thread 30 cm long. The result is a "bridle".
Tie a rope tightly in the center of the bridle to launch and control the kite.

A snake cannot be controlled without a tail, so do not forget to make a rope from ribbons or threads intertwined with each other and tied with a tassel at the bottom.

Sew 20 pieces of regular thread or 5-6 pieces of woolen thread. Their length for a small snake should be at least 50 cm.
Fold the cut pieces together and tie with a tassel towards the end or braid. You can decorate the tail with bows or paper triangles.
Make a hole in the bottom corner of the snake, pass the tail through and tie it with a knot or glue.
If you are using ribbons or strips of fabric instead of thread, thread them through the hole, wrap and hem the top to the bottom.

In addition to decorative and entertainment functions, the first kites in China were used in construction. With their help, ropes were thrown over reservoirs and ravines for the subsequent building of bridges.

Homemade kite in 5 minutes - video

Paper, fabric and wood construction

Compared to the "Monk", there are some complications in making this snake. In addition to paper, you will need thin wood slats and fabric.

To make such a snake, prepare in advance:

2 notebook sheets;
3 slats (2 60 cm long, 1 - 40 cm);
strong nylon thread;
colored fabric.

DIY instructions for creating a flat "Russian" snake - video

Diagram of a triangular polyethylene snake

The triangular kite is another type of flat design that is more difficult to manufacture. But the result of labor will surely please you. The snake turns out to be a classic triangular shape, bright and very beautiful.

From the materials you will need:

plastic bag, better bright and dense;
slats (straight sticks made of bamboo, willow, linden, pine or just window glazing beads);
rope or line with a reel.

The dimensions of the finished product depend on the dimensions of the package and the height of the launcher. Use percentage notation as shown in the diagram. Decide which figure is taken as 100%, and then use a calculator to calculate specific values.

For accurate marking, plug in your values and calculate the parameters of the kite in centimeters

Cut the "body" of the snake from the bag according to the drawing.
Prepare 4 slats of the corresponding sizes: two side slats of the same size, one long longitudinal and one short transverse.
Fasten with any glue, first the side strips on the sides, then in the middle of the longitudinal, and at the end - the central transverse.
Attach the keel in the middle of the snake with tape.
In the center of the lower part of the canvas, cut a hole into which you can thread the tail made from bag scraps.
Tie one fishing line to each corner, fasten them together with a knot.
To the resulting "bridle" attach a fishing line with a reel for starting and controlling.

Interesting fact. In ancient times, kites were used for military purposes: for reconnaissance, sending messages or gunpowder into enemy territory.

Rhombus-shaped product drawing

This design is made according to the same principle as the triangular kite. You will need 2 slats (60 and 30 cm), a plastic bag, fishing line and tape.

Fold the slats in a cross so that the short one crosses the long one at a height of one quarter of the total length.
Tie them up with tape or string.
Place the resulting cross over a plastic bag.
We measure the desired size and shape of the future snake
Cut out the canvas in a diamond shape, leaving a small margin.
Pull it over the rack cross, tuck the stock and glue or hem.
We tighten the cross-piece of the snake with a bag and cut it
Tie a fishing line to the intersection of the sticks and to the lower corner of the rhombus. Just in case, make a few turns and fix well.
Tying the line to the intersection of the sticks
Tie the lines together in a knot, to which you attach the line with a spool. It turns out a bridle.
Attach the tail, also cut from cellophane, to the end of the axle stick with tape.

In order for the kite to fly well, its tail must be 10 times longer than the base.

Interesting fact. In the XIII-XIV centuries, aerial structures were used to study natural phenomena and observe the weather.

You can also use the diagram to make a snake.

We make ourselves a kite in the shape of a diamond - video

How to make a bird-shaped structure

To get a kite that resembles a bird in flight, use one trick: fasten the bowstring between the side parts. Under the pressure of the wind, it will either stretch or weaken, making the structure "winged".

Necessary materials:

8 sticks with a diameter of less than 1 cm and a length of 30.5 cm, 3 sticks of 91.5 cm and 3 sticks of 150 cm from linden or pine;
nylon or plastic wrap;
fishing line;
coil.

Lay the 150 cm long rods in front of you, parallel to each other.
Place the stick 91.5 cm across and 59.75 cm from the edge.
Tie it with threads so that there is a distance of 30.5 cm between the first and second, and 61 cm between the second and third.
Step back 30.5 cm to the larger side, attach a second stick 91.5 cm long.
Tie 4 short strips at a distance of 30.5 cm from each other at an angle so that at the bottom they converge into a triangle (see diagram).
Cover the closed ends of the short strips with the last rail 91.5 cm long. The result is a "nursery" tied in the center of the structure.
Tie everything with threads smeared with glue.
Fasten the ends of long sticks that have been previously soaked in water. You need to wet them so that they do not break when bending.
Pull the line between the ends of the "wings".
To make the "body" of the snake from the fabric, cut out a pentagon (top and bottom sides 30.5 cm each, height 91.5 cm + 2 cm for the fold). In the center, make a square with a side length of 30.5 cm.
From the bottom corners of the square, measure to the left and right at 59.75 cm.
Extend the segments from the ends of the upper and lower sides of the pentagon to the obtained points. It turned out a canvas with a window in the middle.
Trim and glue the wooden snake frame.
Additionally cut out 4 inserts for the nursery. Each measuring 30.5 x 30.5 cm. Insert them into the "windows", glue.
Make a tail out of rope and leftover fabric, attach to one side of the manger.
On the other hand, make a bridle from two interconnected lines and tightly tie a thread with a coil (line) to them.

In order for the structure not to fall on one side and not disintegrate in the air, just adhere to the dimensions and tightly tie the parts together.

It is problematic to launch such a snake alone, so call your comrades and get a burst of joy from launching the “bird” into the sky.

DIY air raven - video

Volume (box) kites

To create a voluminous snake you will need:

wooden slats (window glazing beads can be used) - 4 pcs. 1 m long and 6 x 60 cm;
large garbage bags;
durable nylon harness on a reel from a hardware store;
Scotch;
ruler;
square;
scissors;
glue.

The voluminous kite flies high and beautifully, but you can make it yourself

Secrets of a Successful Launch

You can fly the snake alone, but this requires a certain skill. It is more convenient and more fun to do it together. One holds a snake, the other a reel of fishing line or thread (line). The main condition for a successful launch is the presence of a wind of 3-4 m / s, as well as an open place without trees and wires.

The person who holds the rope becomes so that the wind blows in his back, unwinds 10–20 meters of the rope and pulls it.
The second retreats to the length of the rope, scatters and launches the kite. He must seize the moment and pull the rope.
If the wind is not strong enough and the kite starts to lose altitude or cannot rise at all, the "ladder" will also have to run.

If you want to have a great time and get creative with the whole family - make a kite. Making it yourself is not difficult at all. The spirit of unity, joy and fun will be a reward for the time and effort spent.

For many people, the balloon is associated with a holiday from childhood. They are given to each other, they are used to decorate the halls, and they are launched into the air at the final stage of the solemn event. But not everyone knows how balloons are made.

There are five stages in the production of balls:

preparation of latex mass;
the formation of balls;
rinsing and drying;
removal from the form of finished products;
quality control.

Preparation of latex mass

Modern balloons are made from latex. They include more than just rubber. Its percentage usually does not exceed 60%. Everything else is non-toxic chemical impurities, fillers and colorants. It is on the quality of the components that the strength and appearance of future balls will primarily depend. Each manufacturer keeps the exact composition and technology secret. The purpose of all manipulations is to get an elastic mass.

Ball formation

Special blanks are used to shape the balls. Their configuration depends on the final appearance of the product, but very much resembles a deflated ball. Materials for blanks are used very different: ceramics, plastic, aluminum.

First of all, the tip is placed in a coagulant, which will act as a magnet to “collect” the latex.
The form moistened with coagulant is dipped in latex.
A chemical reaction occurs, resulting in the latex sticking to the blank.
Calcium nitrate, water and / or alcohol are used as coagulants.
If technology requires it, the balls are dried and then again immersed in latex. To make the balls smooth, they are passed through rotating brushes or rollers.

Rinsing and drying

The blanks with freshly applied latex are allowed to dry. Rinsing is an obligatory and very important step in the production of balls. With the help of it, harmful substances are removed from the surface of the ball. With the manufacturer's unfair attitude to this stage, balls containing harmful substances go on sale. After washing, the workpieces are placed in a drying chamber. Here the latex mass loses excess moisture and hardens under the influence of temperature. With the help of a fan, finished products are cooled to room temperature.

Removal from the form of finished products

The balls are dry, hardened and ready to be detached from the mold. This is done by hand using water or compressed air.

Quality control

Each batch is subject to mandatory control. They check not only the presence of defects, but also the absence of harmful impurities. Balls of good quality have walls of the same thickness, do not leave an unpleasant aftertaste in the mouth, the edges of the hole are mobile.

Now it is no secret for you how balloons are made. The observation of the process of their production is mesmerizing.