Types of new buildings: monolithic, panel, brick and others. What material is the best at home?
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What is your house built from?
In modern conditions of dense population of both large and small cities, and the associated shortage of housing for their residents, the issue of building new houses - new buildings - is very relevant. Based on the different preferences of potential buyers, and also, importantly, their financial capabilities, different building materials and technologies are used for the construction of houses, which affects both the quality of living in them and the final cost of the finished living space.
Depending on the construction technologies used, the following types of new buildings are distinguished:
- Monolithic houses
Construction technology: the construction of such residential complexes is based on the use of a special metal structure - formwork, which gives the building the necessary parameters, such as shape and size. A frame made of reinforcement is placed in it, which is poured with a concrete solution. After the concrete has dried, the formwork is removed. The reinforcement frame with hardened concrete is the skeleton of such a structure, being a monolith.
Characteristics of houses: buildings of this type provide their residents with a high level of comfort due to the mass of advantages inherent in their design and associated with the technology of their construction. These houses are characterized by durability, reliability, stability, uniform and moderate shrinkage, as well as high strength of the walls and their excellent sound and heat insulation properties. Due to their extreme strength, the walls of monolithic buildings do not undergo deformations and cracks for many years.
To the indicators of the high quality of the building, one can add even ceilings, walls and floors in apartments, as well as the fact that developers often erect swimming pools or summer grounds on the roofs, which is a significant plus in favor of improving the quality of life and the level of comfort in houses. This also includes the possibility of original and exclusive design by an architect. Basically, they are being built using this technology.
The disadvantage of monolithic houses is the relatively long construction period - it is 2-3 years. The cost of housing is in the middle price category, and occupies an intermediate position between new panel buildings and brick buildings.
The strength of the house depends on the materials of construction.
- Brick-monolithic houses
Applied technologies: the construction of such residential buildings is carried out on the basis of a combination of methods for the construction of monolithic and brick houses. The frame in this case is monolithic, and the walls are faced with brick.
Characteristics of houses: monolithic-brick new buildings have a rich set of advantages over conventional monolithic houses. Due to the combined use of building technologies, they are characterized by high functionality, reliability and comfort.
Apartments can be redeveloped, their ceilings are high, the walls are flat, and their sound and heat insulation properties are at a height. The service life of such buildings is long and exceeds 100 years. The use of brick material for wall cladding gives them great aesthetics and strength.
However, with all the listed advantages, monolithic-brick houses have their own disadvantages: it is a long construction period of at least 3 years, and the relatively high cost of housing due to the high cost of the used brick building material.
- Panel houses
Residential complexes built from panels are currently one of the leaders in the real estate market in Russia due to the high speed of their construction and relatively inexpensive price.
Construction technology: the method of erecting such houses is characterized by relative simplicity - for this, slabs of various materials are used, often double, multi-layer, with the laying of sound and heat insulating layers between the main ones. The seams, which are formed at the junction of the slabs, protect from moisture and dust from outside, while increasing the strength of the building structures of the room.
Characteristics of houses: the main advantages of panel residential complexes include the possibility of their construction as soon as possible and the associated relatively low final cost of housing.
The disadvantage of such buildings is the presence of frequent construction defects in their structures - uneven surfaces and corners, cracks, insufficient heat or sound insulation. Mostly it is.
Each series of panel houses has its own typical layouts.
- Block houses
Construction technology: for the construction of such buildings, building structures made of expanded clay concrete or slag concrete in the form of blocks are used, which are connected with a cement mortar. Reinforced concrete is used as the material for the floors of the premises, and the partitions between the rooms are presented in blocks or made of plasterboard.
Characteristics of houses: The main advantages of new buildings are their low cost, high speed of construction, as well as warmth in them in winter and coolness in summer. But there are enough shortcomings in them: these are frequent cracks in the walls and ceilings of apartments, poor sound insulation and the impossibility of redeveloping the premises.
- Frame block houses
Construction technology These residential buildings provide for the use of a metal frame with built-in blocks of concrete, reinforced concrete and other materials.
Characteristics of houses: the advantages of new buildings are high ceilings in apartments, smooth walls, strength and high heat and sound insulation properties. The disadvantage of frame block houses is their relatively high cost associated with increased energy consumption during construction.
- Brick houses
Characteristics of buildings: brick houses are the most expensive and comfortable of all the above types of residential buildings. The building material used for the construction of such housing is distinguished by aesthetics, high strength and heat and sound insulation properties. But at the same time, its cost is very high. New brick buildings are being built for 2-3 years, but they serve for a long time, more than a century. In addition, houses can be built according to individual projects, in addition to standard ones, and redevelopment is possible in them.
