The Southern Federal District is one of the constituent parts of the Russian Federation, if I may say so. It is interesting that for some time (to be more precise, from 05/13/2000 to 06/21/2000) it was called the North Caucasian FD. But, as you can see, this did not last long - just over a month. Then, however, on January 19, 2010, the North Caucasian Federal District was separated from the Southern Federal District. But this is a slightly different topic.
general information
The Southern Federal District is the smallest in all of Russia. Its area is 447 821 sq. M. - this is only 2.61% of Less is only the notorious North Caucasian Federal District (170 439 km ²). For comparison, the Siberian Federal District has an area of 5,145,000 km². Although it includes only 12 subjects. But the Krasnoyarsk Territory alone occupies 2,366,797 km².
So, the Southern Federal District includes 8 constituent entities. And its population is 16 367 949 people, according to the latest statistics. This is about 11.17%. The average density is low - 36.5 people per square kilometer. The center of the Federal District, by the way, is the city of Rostov-on-Don.
Composition
Which cities includes the Southern Federal District, it is necessary to note special attention. The composition of the Southern Federal District is small. As mentioned above, there are only 8 subjects.
The smallest in area is the hero city of Sevastopol. A total of 864 km². It is home to about 420,000 people. This city is good for many, but the most important thing is that it is in it that the main naval base of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Navy is located.
The Republic of Adygea, allegedly located inside the Krasnodar Territory, has an area of 7,800 km². The peculiarity of this region is its forest resources. They occupy more than 1/3 of the entire republic. And also a lot of minerals are concentrated here.
Crimea is not distinguished by its large size - about 27,000 km². But the Astrakhan region is more than two times larger than it. Its area is 49,024 km². The Astrakhan region is rich in deserts used as pastures. serves as a spawning ground for beluga, stellate sturgeon and sturgeon.
The next largest republic is Elista. Interestingly, Russian is not the only official language in this region. But also Kalmyk (at the legislative level).
And the largest three regions are Krasnodar Territory, Rostov Region and Volgograd.
Economy
The Southern Federal District attracts tens of thousands of tourists every year. Because it includes the Krasnodar Territory and Crimea. And these are regions rich in resorts. Gelendzhik, Anapa, Sevastopol, Yalta - for the economy of these cities (and, accordingly, the entire district), the most profitable time is the end of spring, summer and the beginning of autumn. Such is the specificity of the climate; it is at this time that there is no end to visitors in the resort areas of the Southern Federal District.
But, in addition to the tourism industry, the agro-industrial and transport complexes, as well as trade, are still well developed. True, this is not in the whole district. Transport complexes of interregional and international importance, for example, are concentrated in the Astrakhan region and the notorious Krasnodar Territory.
Production percentages
But this is not all the industries that the Southern Federal District can boast of. The cities of this federal district are good objects for the development of light industry. It really is here, and it is oriented towards the supply of products to other federal districts of Russia. It is on the territory of this district that 1/10 of all knitwear in our country and about 28% of footwear are produced.
But that's not all. Also, the Southern Federal District, the map of which is provided above, is the region of the country in which about 21% of the total Russian volume of steel pipes, 13% of metal-cutting machines, about 19% of tractors, 7% of cars and 9% of excavators are produced.
In addition, about 18% of cement, 10% of prefabricated reinforced concrete structures and 15% of building bricks are produced in the Southern Federal District.
Addition
If you look at the Southern Federal District (the map is provided above), you can see that it also includes the Republic of Crimea and the hero city of Sevastopol. Back in March 2014, these subjects returned to the Russian Federation. But their territorial status was approved quite recently - in the middle of the summer of this 2016.
After the inclusion of Crimea in the Southern Federal District, the district increased by 27,000 km². The population also increased - about 2,300,000 people. By the way, it is precisely because of the situation that occurred in November 2015, related to the blowing up of power transmission towers in Kherson, that the Southern Federal District is called an energy-deficient region. Since this incident completely deprived the entire Crimea (a considerable part of the district) of electricity. But, as you know, if everything is bad in one place and good in another, the indicators are still summed up. That is why the Southern Federal District is now considered to be in short supply.
Agro-industrial complex
The center of the Southern Federal District, like all its other regions, boasts favorable natural and climatic conditions. In other federal districts, they are different, and not so conducive to the development of the agricultural industry. And this is the main significance of the South for our entire vast country. It is the Southern Federal District, the composition of which is not very large, that provides Russia. It is here that almost 1/6 of the sown area of the entire country is concentrated. And they grow more than a quarter (!) Of the total Russian volume of grain crops, 50% - sunflower seeds, and about 1/5 of vegetables.
On average, 1/7 of all agricultural products are produced in the Southern Federal District. And this is a lot. This also includes 33% sugar, 46% vegetable oil, about 11% dairy products and eggs, about 12.5% meat products. In general, it is possible to list for a long time, but the fact that the Southern Federal District is very important for Russia is unambiguous and undeniable.
